Test on Verb Forms : Select the proper alternative to complete the sentence
Test on Verb Forms Study
Funny 4 Rhetorical Questions
What are Rhetorical Questions ?
Rhetorical questions have no answers. The answer is hidden in the question itself. The question is an emphatic statement. Such questions are used in speech and arguments.
Funny Rhetorical Questions
- Do fish get thirsty?
- Can you cry under water?
- Who has seen the wind?
- Who doesn’t know Sachin Tendulkar?
How to to frame Rhetorical Questions?
अलंकारीक प्रश्ना चे उत्तर नसते तर तो प्रश्न हा विधानच असतो. हे प्रश्न युक्तिवाद करताना वापरतात. विधानाचे रुपांतर अलंकारीक प्रश्नात करतांना सहयकारि क्रियापद प्रथम वापरावे नंतर कर्ता वापरावा विधान नकारात्मक असल्यास प्रश्न होकारात्मक करावा व विधान होकारात्मक असल्यास प्रश्न नकारात्मक करावा शेवटी प्रश्नार्थक चिन्ह द्यावे. अलंकारीक प्रश्नाचे विधानात रुपांतर करतांना या उलट प्रक्रिया करावी.
Assertive sentence begins with subject /doer of the action followed by helping verb/main verb.
If the rhetorical question is negative, assertive sentence should be affirmative (remove negative word such as – not, no, never .nothing .nobody. no one etc.)
If the rhetorical question is affirmative ,assertive sentence should be negative. (Add negative word such as – not, no, never, nothing , nobody, no-one, etc.)
Put the remaining words and replace question mark with full stop.
Rewrite as rhetorical questions.
1. We love our motherland.
Ans: Do we not love our motherland?
2. There is no room for secrecy under Bapuji’s leadership.
Ans: Is there any room for secrecy under Bapuji’s leadership?
3. Everyone knows Sachin Tendulkar.
Ans: Who doesn’t know Sachin Tendulkar?
4. No one has seen the wind.
Ans: Who has seen the wind?
5. A letter can not contain all this.
Ans: Can a letter contain all this?
How can a letter contain all this?
6. There is nothing wrong in being grateful to a great man.
Ans : Is there anything wrong in being grateful to a great man?
7. Liberty can not be divorced from equality.
Ans : How can liberty be divorced from equality?
Difference between Interrogative and Rhetorical Questions
Rhetorical Questions are different from interrogative sentences. Interrogative sentences require answers whereas rhetorical questions need no answer. Rhetorical questions are to be taken in opposite sense.
Read the following questions and pick out the rhetorical questions and make statements of them.
How long shall we continue to live this life of contradiction?
How long shall we continue to deny equality in our social and economic life?
What does fraternity mean?
How can people divided into several thousands of castes be a nation.
Is it wrong to love animal and plant?
Won’t our cricketers come back as winners?
Corruption is getting rooted in social life. Is it fair?
Why do students bunk classes?
Excessive violence is being shown in modern cinema. When will the government take notice of it?
What challenges did the mountaineers face?
Aren’t children wiser than men?
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2. No longer we shall continue to deny equality in our social and economic life.
3. What does fraternity mean?(It needs answer. So it is interrogative sentence.
4. People divided into several thousands of castes can not be a nation?
5. It is not wrong to love animal and plant.
KEY
1. No longer we shall continue to live this life of contradiction.2. No longer we shall continue to deny equality in our social and economic life.
3. What does fraternity mean?(It needs answer. So it is interrogative sentence.
4. People divided into several thousands of castes can not be a nation?
5. It is not wrong to love animal and plant.
6. Our cricketers will come back as winners.
7. Corruption is getting rooted in social life. It is not fair.
8. Students should not bunk classes.
9. Excessive violence is being shown in modern cinema. The government will never take notice of it.
10. What challenges did the mountaineers face? Interrogative ( wh-question)
11. Children are wiser than men.
While interchanging assertive into interrogative and vice versa
1. Interchange the place of subject and verb
2. Make negative by adding negation( not, no, no one, nobody , never, none etc.)if the given sentence is affirmative
3. Make affirmative by removing negation
4. Use punctuation mark at the end accordingly.
Do the following and check the answers.
1. Is this the way you should come dressed to school ?2. Does anything succeed like success ?
3. We are not going to submit to them so easily.
4. Can anyone bear such an insult ?
5. None is greater than the country?
6. Who can forget his sacrifice ?
7. When will you learn to obey your teachers?
8. A wise man is honoured everywhere.
9. Is drinking not bad for health ?
10. Does anyone like to be called a fool ?
11. Money does not grow on trees.
12. Can there be success without hard work?
13. Joys and sorrows go together.
14. Why should we lament any loss ?
15. Do the brave not deserve honour?
16. Can there be smoke without fire ?
17. Was Rustom not a great warrior ?
18. Who has seen the wind ?
19.When will a wicked man prosper ?
20. Are books not our best friends ?
21. When can their glory fade?
22. How can I repay your kindness?
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2. Nothing succeeds like success.
3.Are we going to submit to them easily?
4. No one can bear such an insult .
5.Who is greater than the country?
6.No one can forget his sacrifice.
7. You will never learn to obey your teachers.
8. Where isn’t a wise man honoured?
9. Drinking is bad for health.
10. No one likes to be called a fool.
11. Does money grow on tree?
12. There can not be success without hard work.
13. Do joys and sorrows not go (live) together?
14 .We should not lament any loss.
15. The brave deserves honour.
16.There can be smoke without fire.
17.Rustom was a great warrior.
18. No one has seen the wind.
19. A wicked man will never prosper.
20. Books are our best friends.
21.Their glory can never fade.
22.I can not repay your kindness.
KEY
1. This is not the way you should come dressed to school.2. Nothing succeeds like success.
3.Are we going to submit to them easily?
4. No one can bear such an insult .
5.Who is greater than the country?
6.No one can forget his sacrifice.
7. You will never learn to obey your teachers.
8. Where isn’t a wise man honoured?
9. Drinking is bad for health.
10. No one likes to be called a fool.
11. Does money grow on tree?
12. There can not be success without hard work.
13. Do joys and sorrows not go (live) together?
14 .We should not lament any loss.
15. The brave deserves honour.
16.There can be smoke without fire.
17.Rustom was a great warrior.
18. No one has seen the wind.
19. A wicked man will never prosper.
20. Books are our best friends.
21.Their glory can never fade.
22.I can not repay your kindness.
For ICSE Board Std 10
Affirmative and Negative – 3 Rules for Transformation
Basically there are two types of sentences as affirmative and negative sentences. In the exams of various boards Cbse, icse and state boards there are always grammar questions on transformation of negative into affirmative and vice versa. In almost all the competitive exams also there will be questions on this topic. Keeping the rules in mind, observing the rules and praticing the exercise will help you to deal with this important topic of English Grammar.
3 Rules for Transformation
1.Remove negation such as not, never , no, nothing, nobody, no one, nowhere while making affirmative sentence. And use one of these negation while making negative sentence.
2. Use opposite word
3. Make use of negative suffixes and prefixes to form opposites
4. See meaning should be not changed.
Affirmative and Negative Transformation Examples
1] English is not difficult.
Affir:- English is easy.
2] Nobody was absent.
Affir:-Everybody was present.
3] I am not a little tired.
Affir:- I am much tired.
4] Mala did not answer.
Affir:- Mala failed to answer.
5] I am not your friend.
Affir:-I am your enemy/foe
6] Payal never lost her way .
Affir:-Payal always remembered her way.
7] But this is not possible now.
Affir:-But this is impossible now
8] His tender mind did not speculate on his father’s delay.
Affir:- His tender mind failed to speculate on his father’s delay.
9] I cannot attend their needs.
Aff:- I am unable to attend their needs.
10) I am not unhappy.
Affir: I am happy.
11). I did remember. (Turn into negative without its changing meaning)
Affir: I did not forget.
12) The snail does not fear to fall (Make it Affirmative)
The snail is unafraid to fall.
The snail does dares to fall.
13) The colour scheme never failed.
Affir: The colour scheme always succeeded. Or The colour scheme always proved successful.
14) She could not be fashionable.
Affirm- She could be non-fashionable.
Rewrite as negative sentences without changing their meanings
(a) The policeman refused to accept Soapy even as a clue.
Ans : The policeman didn’t accept/ consider Soapy even as a clue.
(b) Soapy drifted along twice unsuccessful.
Ans : Soapy didn’t drift along twice successful. / Soapy failed to drift along twice unsuccessful.
(c) Soapy stopped his unavailing racket.
Ans : Soapy didn’t continue his unavailing racket.
(d) The island seemed very far away.
Ans : The island didn’t seem near ( in his realm) .
(e) The island seemed an unattainable Arcadia.
Ans : The island didn’t seem an attainable Arcadia.
Rewrite into affirmative sentence
1. No one can put up with such conduct.
2. No one ever saw a greater misfortune.
3. Is not the day intended for toil, and the night for sleep?
4. No man could have done better.
5. There is no smoke without fire.
Answers:
Can anyone put up with such conduct?
This is the greatest misfortune one has ever seen.
The day is intended for toil and the night for sleep.
Who could have done better?
Where there is smoke, there is fire.
Take the test on Unless / If..not
Make the following sentences negative without change of meaning.
Affirmative: I am doubtful now. Negative: I am not so sure, now.
Affirmative: He will be unable to stop them. Negative: He will not be able to stop them.
Affirmative: I forget. Negative: I don’t remember.
Affirmative: I am unable to do anymore. Negative: I can do no more.
Affirmative: Sir, forgive her. Negative: Sir, do not anger her.
Affirmative: I shall want a few soldiers. Negative: I shall not want many soldiers.
Rewrite as Affirmative Sentences
(a) Men who smash windows do not remain to chat with the police.
Ans : Men who smash windows avoid to chat with the police.
(b) Why don’t you call a cop?
Ans: You should call the police.
(c) On the opposite side of the street was a restaurant of no great pretensions.
Ans :On the opposite side of the street was a restaurant of less pretensions.
(d) Noisy; but no harm.
Ans : Noisy; but harmless.
(e) They seemed to regard him as a King who could do no wrong.
Ans: They seemed to regard him as a King who could do everything right.
Learn Tenses and Types of Sentences
Rewrite as negative sentences.
1. Only the person, who works hard, will get success.
None but the person who works hard, will get Success .
2. Only Sheela is an honest worker in the company.
None but Sheela is an honest worker in the company.
3. I liked only Sachin as a cricketer.
I liked none but Sachin as a cricketer.
4. He is interested in reading only.
He is interested in nothing but reading
5. You must wear helmet.
You cannot but wear helmet.
Examples from Board Exam
(i) Discourtesy is not a legal offence.
(The correct ‘affirmative’ form of this sentence is…)
(a) Courtesy is a illegal offence. (b) Courtesy is always a illegal offence. (d) Discourtesy is a moral offence.(c) Discourtesy is never a illegal offence.
(ii) I will not open my mouth.
(Choose the correct alternative to get affirmative form without changing the meaning of the sentence.)
(a) I will not close my mouth.
(b) I will open my mouth.
(c) I will shut my mouth.
Download Activity Sheets and Useful Resources
Download the activity sheets you want.
Perfect Guide to 1 Direct Speech Indirect Speech
Learn Tenses and Types of Sentences before Direct Speech Indirect Speech.
Guide for Direct Speech Indirect Speech
Direct Speech And Indirect Speech
Direct Speech चे Indirect Speech मध्ये रुपांतर करतांना Reporting Verb, Reported Speech मध्ये बदल करावा लागतो. तसेच conjunction वापरावे लागते.
Reporting Verb वाक्याच्या प्रकारानुसार बदलते.
conjunction सुदधा वाक्याच्या प्रकारानुसार वापरतात.
Reported Speech मधील वाक्यांश Indirect speech मध्ये बदलतांना प्रश्नार्थक(Interrogative), आज्ञार्थी (Imperative) , उदगारवाचक(Exclamatory) वाक्याचे विधानार्थी वाक्यात रुपांतर करावे.
Direct Speech: 1. He said to me, “I am writing a letter.”
वरील वाक्यात Reported speech : I am writing a letter. आहेत.
Reporting verb : said to
Speaker : He
Listener : me
2. “Oracle” said he “chose me as the wisest Athenian”
वरील वाक्यात Reported speech :Oracle chose me as the wisest Athenian. आहेत.
Reporting verb : said
Speaker : he
Basic Rules to Change Direct Speech into Inidrect Speech
| Sentence Type | Change in Reporting Verb | Use of Conjunction | वाक्याचि ओळख Identity |
|---|---|---|---|
| Assertive | said चा said, said to चा told | that | शेवटी (.) सुरवातीस नाम/सर्वनाम |
| Imperative | said (to) चा asked, requested advised, ordered etc. | to | शेवटी (.) सुरवातीस क्रीयापद |
| Verbal Question | said चा asked, inquired | if/ whether | शेवटी (?) सुरवातीस स. क्रीयापद |
| Wh-Question | said चा asked | wh-word | शेवटी (?) wh-word |
| Exclamatory | said चा exclaimed | that | शेवटी (!) सुरवातीसWhat,How |
Reported Speech मधील Pronoun मध्ये बदल करावा लागतो. तो Direct Speech च्या Speaker व Listener नुसार असतो.
1. First Person Pronouns are changed according to Speaker. प्रथम पुरुषी सर्वनामाचा बदल Speaker नुसार होतो.
Changes in First Person Pronoun
| Pronoun forms in Reported Speech | If the speaker is ‘He’ किंवा ए.व.पुरुष नाम | If the speaker is ‘She’ किंवा ए.व. स्त्री नाम |
|---|---|---|
| I changes into | he | she |
| me | him | her |
| my | his | her |
| myself | himself | herself |
2. प्रथम पुरुषी अनेकवचनी सर्वनामाचा बदल त्रुतीय पुरुषी सर्वनामात होतो. We- they; us-them; our-their.
3. व्दितीय पुरुषी सर्वनामाचा बदल Listener नुसार होतो.
4. त्रुतीय पुरुषी सर्वनामात बदल होत नाहि.
| Second Person Person in Reported Speech | | Listener – him | Listener -her | Listener -them | Listener -me | Listener -us | |
| you (subject) | he | she | they | I | we | |
| you(object) | him | her | them | me | us | |
| your(possesive) | his | her | their | my | our | |
| yourself | himself | herself | themselves | myself | ourselves |
5.Reporting Verb भुतकाळी असल्यास Reported Speech मधील वाक्याचा काळ बदलतो.
| Tenses Direct Speech | Indirect Speech |
|---|---|
| Simple Present | Simple Past |
| Present Continuous | Past Continuous |
| Present Perfect | Past Perfect |
| Present Perfect Continuous | Past Perfect Continuous |
| Simple Past | Past Perfect Tense |
| Past Continuous | Past Perfect Continuous |
| Future (Shall/will) | would |
6. इतर शब्दामध्ये होणारे बदल पुढील प्रमाणे आहेत.
| Direct Speech | Indirect Speech |
| this | that |
| these | those |
| now | then |
| here | there |
| today | that day |
| tomorrow | the next day |
| yesterday | the previous day |
Report the following in indirect speech.
Nagesh said to his friends, “We should leave now.”
Ans: Nagesh told his friends that they should leave then.
2 The team members said to their captain, “Do you think we can still win the match?”
Ans: The team members asked their captain if he thought they could still win the match.
3. The teacher said to the class, “Keep the classroom clean.”
Ans: The teacher advised the class to keep the classroom clean.
4. The people said to the minister, “What happened to the promises you made?”
Ans: The people asked the minister what happened to the promises he had made.
5. The doctor said, “Avoid eating raw vegetables when you have a stomach infection.”
The doctor advised to avoid eating raw vegetables when one has a stomach infection.
6. The cops said, “Clear the road for the ambulance.”
Ans: The cops warned to clear the road for the ambulance.
7. The lady said, “I was promised free servicing when I bought the washing machine.”
Ans: The lady said that she had been promised free servicing when she had bought the washing machine.
8. The guide said, “Tomorrow we will explore the island.”
Ans : The guide said that they would explore the island the next day.
9. The zookeeper said to the visitors, “Do not tease or feed the animals.”
Ans: The zookeeper warned the visitors not to tease or feed the animals.
10. Geetha said to me, “I think you and I should participate in the debate.”
Ans: Geetha told me that she thought I and she should participate in the debate.
Observe the following sentences of Direct Speech Indirect Speech.
Assertive Sentences Reported Speech
1. He said, “I am working in my garden.”
He said that he was working in his garden.
2. He said, “They pay me for my work.”
He said that they paid him for his work.
3. She said, “I am working in my garden.”
She said that she was working in her garden.
4. She said, “They pay me for my work.”
She said that they paid her for her work.
5. He said to me, “You are working in your garden.”
He told me that I was working in my garden.
6. He said to us, “You are rewarded for your commendable job.”
He told us that we were rewarded for our commendable job.
7. He said to him, “You have done your job well.”
He told him he had done his job well.
8. She said to him, “I am proud of you.”
She told him that she was proud of him.
9. He said to her, “You tried your best.”
He told her that she had tried her best.
10. He said to her, “I will assist you.”
He told her that he would assist her.
11. He said to them,” You are doing a good job.”
He told them that they were doing a good job.
12. He said to them, “I noticed you when you were helping your people.”
He told them that he had noticed them when they had been helping their people.
Imperative Reported Speech / Direct Speech Indirect Speech.
13. He said, “Open the door.”
He asked to open the door.
14. She said, “Please give me ten rupees.”
She requested to give her ten rupees.
15. The teacher said, “Cut the nails regularly.”
The teacher advised to cut the nails regularly.
Verbal Questions Reported Speech / Direct Speech Indirect Speech.
16. He said to me, “Are you all right?”
He asked me if I was all right.
17. He said to them, “Do you agree with me?”
He asked them if they agreed with him.
Wh-question Reported Speech
18. He said, “What was it?”
He asked what it was(had been).
18. “Whose last rites are you performing?” said the old man.
The old man asked whose last rites they were performing.
Exclamatory Sentences Reported Speech
19. She said,” What a beautiful flower!”
She exclaimed that it was a very beautiful.
20. She said, “How lucky I am!”
She exclaimed that she was very lucky.
Mixed Pattern of Direct Speech Indirect Speech.
21. “The neighbours give us little things from time to time and we somehow survive”, said the poor children.
The poor children said that the neighbours gave us little things from time to time and they somehow survived.
22. “Why are we here?” asked a boy to his mother.
A boy asked his mother why they were there.
23. “Did you leave him with your parents? “asked Sadhu to his disciple.
Sadhu asked his disciple if he had left him with his parents.
24. The king said to the soldiers, “Bring the guilty man to my court tomorrow.”
The king ordered the soldiers to bring the guilty man to his court the next day.
25. “Do not forget to take a torch, Mohan”, said Rohan.
Rohan suggested Mohan not to forget to take a torch.
26. “It’s so unfair!” said the boys.
The boys exclaimed that it was very unfair.
27. He says,”I will attend your party.”
He says that he will attend his/her party.
Learn Active Voice Passive Voice Develop Writing Skills
Rewrite the following in Indirect speech.
(a) “Put the fear out of your heart and you will be able to speak like everyone
else”. Bholi looked up as if to ask, “Really?”
Ans: The teacher advised Bholi to put the fear out of her heart. He further assured that she would be able to speak like everyone else. Bholi looked up as if to ask if she would really speak.
(b) “Yes, certainly,” his wife said, “Bholi will be lucky to get such a well-to-do bridegroom.” Ans: His wife asserted with certainty that Bholi would be lucky to get such a well-to-do bridegroom.
(c) Ramlal’s wife said, “What will that witless one say? She is like a dumb cow.”
“May be you are right.” muttered Ramlal. Ramlal’s wife asserted that that witless one would say nothing. She added that she (Bholi) was like a dumb cow. Ramlal agreed that perhaps she ( his wife) was right.
(d) “Be a little considerate, please. If you go back, I can never show my face in
the village.” “Then out with five thousand.” Ans: Ramlal requested to be a little considerate. He added that if he ( Bishamber )went back, he could never show his face in the village. Bishamber demanded to come out with five thousand.
(e) “Pitaji”, Take back your money, I am not going to marry this man.” “Bholi,
are you crazy?” shouted Ramlal. Ans: Bholi addressed as Pitaji and asked to take back his money. She further said that she was not going to marry that man. Ramlal shouted at Bholi and asked if she was crazy.
(f)”O wise one ! could you give me the answer to my questions ?” the king said to the hermit.(Change into indirect speech)
Ans : The king addressed the hermit as wise man and asked him if he could give him the answer to his question.
