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Active Voice And Passive Voice – Rules, Charts and Exercise

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Active Voice and Passive Voice
Active Voice and Passive Voice

The page is about tense wise Active Voice and Passive voice. The given table gives you a clear idea about changing the voice

Structures of Active Voice and Passive Voice

Structure of Active Voice = Sub + Verb + obj 

Structure of Passive Voice = Obj + to be + V3 + by + sub 

To be form is used in accordance with the Tense form and number of object

Sub and obj are changed if they are pronouns. 

(I – me; We-us; You-you; He-him; She-her; It- it; They-them and vice versa)

Active Voice And Passive Voice - Rules, Charts and Exercise
Active Voice And Passive Voice

Tense Wise Chart for Active Voice and Passive Voice

Active Voice And Passive Voice - Rules, Charts and Exercise
Active Voice and Passive Voice
Active Voice And Passive Voice - Rules, Charts and Exercise

Change Active Voice into Passive Voice. Study these simple sentences.

I eat a mango.

P. V. A mango is eaten by me.

I am eating a mango.

P.V. A mango is being eaten by me.

We have eaten mangoes.

P.V. Mangoes have been eaten by us.

You ate a mango.

P.V. A mango was eaten by you.

You ate mangoes.

Mangoes were eaten by you.

He was eating a mango.

P. V. A mango was being eaten by him.

She had eaten a mango.

P.V. A mango had been eaten by her.

They will eat mangoes.

P. V. Mangoes will be eaten by them.

I will have eaten a mango.

P. V. A mango will have been eaten by me.

“We have done it.” In this sentence the subject (we) is the doer of action while it (achieving the feat) is the object. The verb of passive voice is formed by using the correct form of the verb ‘to be’ + past participle of the main verb. Construct the sentences accordingly.

Now go through the changes in both the sentences and do changes accordingly in the remaining sentences.

We have done it.

It has been done by us.

(a) We made a pact.

A pact was made by us.

(b) I offered silent prayer in my heart.

Silent prayer was offered in my heart by me.

(c) Colonel Hunt gave me three flags.

I was given three flags by Colonel Hunt.

Three flags were given to me by Colonel Hunt.

(d) I was carrying the Indian flag.

The Indian flag was being carried out by me.

(e) I took photographs of Tenzing holding aloft the flags.

Photographs of Tenzing holding aloft the flags were taken by me.

(f) I remembered him.

He was remembered by me.

(9) We spent the night at Camp Eight.

The night was spent at Camp Eight by us.

Practice the Following Sentences

  1. The dog chased the cat.
  2. The teacher graded the tests.
  3. The chef cooked the meal.
  4. The musician played the piano.
  5. The children built a sandcastle.
  6. The company released a new product.
  7. The doctor examined the patient.
  8. The athlete ran the marathon.
  9. The gardener watered the plants.
  10. The scientist conducted an experiment.
  11. The cleaner mopped the floor.
  12. The construction workers built the bridge.
  13. The artist painted the picture.
  14. The engineer designed the building.
  15. The fisherman caught the fish.

Let’s learn the uses of active voice and passive voice.

When the action is more important than the doer of the action i.e. subject, passive voice is used. In passive voice sometimes subject is missing.

When the doer of action is more important, active voice is used.

Structures of Active Voice and Passive Voice

Passive Voice = Object + to be + V3 (past participle)+ by + Subject

Active Voice = Subject + Verb form (based on tense)+ Object

Change the voice.

Ex. 1] You have been accepted by temple.
A.V. Temple has accepted you.
2] The heaviness of being successful was replaced by the Lightness of being a beginner
A.V. =The lightness of being a beginner replaced the heaviness of being successful.
3] My father was given a jeep by the government.
A.V. = The government gave a jeep to my father.

A.V = The government gave my father a jeep. 
4] This women was raised by a widowed mother.
A.V. = A widowed mother raised this women.
5] 90% of road crashes globally were attributed to “human error’’ by the world health organization.
A.V. =The world health organization attributed 90% of road crashes globally to human error.
6] Sam was joined by galahas, swallows, and cockatoos.
A.V. =Galahs, swallows, cockatoos joined Sam.
7] He was struck by a car.
A.V. =A car struck him.
8] I was diagnosed with cancer.
A.V. = Doctor diagnosed me with cancer.
9] The brew was served.
A.V. =Mother served the brew.
10] Road accident have been traditionally viewed as random events.
A.V. = we have traditionally viewed road accident as random event.
11] Our children are straitjacketed.
A.V. = We straitjacketed our children.
12] Happiness can’t be bought with cash.
A.V. = We can’t buy happiness with cash.
13.  An unusual commotion was heard by her.
   A. V.   She heard an unusual commotion.

 EXERCISE
1] The work is forced by external factors and condition.
2] 20 million messages are sent every month.
3] You bring grandeur to gadget.
4] He captured the soul of romance.
5] Sms was conceived year before.
2. CHANGE THE VOICE
1] They spent an anxious day at the hospital
2] Try this.
3] More trees and shrubs were planted.
4] Twenty street lamp are powered by solar and wind energy.
5] I gave him a book.

6)Mother is washing the cloth.( change into passive voice) 

 The cloth is being washed by mother. 

7) Paint the house green .(change into passive voice) 

 Let the house be painted green. 

8) The bank robbed in broad daylight.(Write in full form of passive voice) 

 The bank was robbed in broad daylight.

9) They isolated me. (Change the voice)

I was isolated by them.

10) What do we say last Friday?

What is said by us last Friday?


Change the voice.
a) They are inspired by ideas.
b) They must be protected.
c) They are lifting the bodies.
d) He has outlasted them all.
e) Look at the condition of woman.

Answers

Ideas inspire them.

We must protect them.

The bodies are being lifted by them.

All of them have been outlasted by him.

Let the condition of woman be looked at.

Test on Passive voice

Click here to learn Tenses

(A4) (i) Begin the following sentences with the words given in the brackets. Apply rules of change the voice.

(a) I can guide visitors.

(Visitors)

(b) Animals are paying me back. (I)

(c) The behaviour of the first black panther is being documented. (They)

(d) All the research on the animal has been done through camera traps. (They)

(e) Madegowda is employed by the Bison. (The Bison)

(f) The surroundings were reminding me. (I)

(g) Raju was amazed at my solitary visits to Umbarzara. (My solitary)

(h) I found a bright red soil trial. (A)

(i) Older leopards like Pardus carry away livestock from villages. (Livestock)

(j) I have lost almost 80 percent of a season’s yield of sugarcane. (80 percent)

(k) Tracking an animal also teaches you life lessons. (Life lessons)

(l) Many things have been taught to me by the forests. (The forests)

(m) Resentment among locals towards the animals is created by this.

Online Test on Active Voice And Passive Voice

(ii)

On To The Summit – We Reach The Top

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On To The Summit - We Reach The Top
On To The Summit - We Reach The Top

An Extract from On To The Summit – We Reach The Top : ‘When we left Camp…………………. not two individuals but a team.”
A1 State true or false. Correct the false statements
1) The mountaineers left camp nine on Saturday morning
2) The mountaineers kept their places changing
3) Hillary would take the lead
4) The mountaineer had four flags in his pocket
5) Colonel hunt gave the mountaineer four flags

A1 Enlist the countries of which the mountaineer carried the flags
A2 Point out the patriotism of the mountaineer.
Ans: He was carrying the Indian flag with him. With the permission of Colonel Hunt he wanted to place the flag on top of the mountain. This shows his patriotism.
A3 Give reasons for the rope being called a symbol
Ans: Rope tied them together. They had to move together. Rope made them a team.
A4 Find the synonyms of : 1. Hill top 2. Vovage 3. Vertical 4. Pitch
A5 Express your liking or disliking for adventurous sport.
A6. Rewrite the following sentences as instructed.
1. I was carrying the Indian flag. (Begin the sentence with – ‘ The Indian flag…….)
2. This was slow and difficult.(Rewrite as exclamatory.)
3. I was not afraid to die that day. (Rewrite it as affirmative)
Activity No. 2 from On To The Summit – We Reach The Top
Extract ” When we reached …….. her prized possessions”
A1. Rearrange the statements in order as the events occur in the extract.
1.) They made a pact.
2.) They reached Kathmandu.
3.) They signed their own statements.
4.) They discovered that a controversy had arisen.
Ans: 1. They reached Kathmandu.
2. They discovered that a controversy had arisen.
3. They made a pact.
4. They signed their own statements.

A2. List the ways in which Tenzing Norgay celebrates on reaching the top.
1. By offering prayer
2. By placing the offering he carried
3. By unfurling flags on the summit
A3. Tenzing and Hillary remained aloof from the controversy. Prove it.
Ans: When they discovered that the controversy had arisen about who reached the summit first, they agreed that the talk was childish. They made a pact mentioning they reached together and signed it.
A4. Give one word for the following expressions:
1. The things that are needed to do a particular work
2. The feelings of being grateful
3. A covering for the face of a part of it.
4. Having god’s help and protection
Ans: 1. Equipment 2. Gratitude 3. Mask 4. Blessed
A5. Write about any controversy you or your friend involved in.
A6. Rewrite as instructed
1. When we reached Kathmandu we discovered that a controversy had arisen. (Rewrite using ‘No sooner….. than’ by removing ‘when’)
2. We crossed over the south summit and moved along the summit ridge. ( Rewrite as simple sentence.)
ANS

1. No sooner did we reach Kathmandu than we discovered that a controversy had arisen.
2. Crossing over the south summit we moved along the summit ridge.

Learn Cherry Tree a poem

Grammar Activities from On To The Summit – We Reach The Top


Spot the error. One is done for you.
I was not afraid for die that day.
Correct Sentence- I was not afraid to die that day.
(a) Tenzing and Hillary made an pact at the office of P M of Nepal.
Correct :Tenzing and Hillary made a pact at the office of P M of Nepal.
(b) I has to bring my ice axe down with me.
Correct :I had to bring my ice axe down with me.
(c) Tenzing have spent a night with Camp Eight.
Correct :Tenzing had spent a night with Camp Eight.
(d) Pact was signed from Tenzing and Hillary.
Correct :Pact was signed by Tenzing and Hillary.
(e) I and Hillary were in no mood of talking.
Hillary and I were in no mood for talking.

When Tenzing and Hillary reached the summit, Tenzing in utter joy said,
“We have done it.” In this sentence the subject (we) is the doer of the
action while it (achieving the feat) is the Object . The verb of passive voice
is formed by using the correct form of the verb ‘to be’ + past participle
of the main verb. Construct the sentences accordingly.

Now carefully go through the changes in both the sentences and do the
changes accordingly in the remaining sentences.
• We have done it.
It has been done by us.
(a) We made a pact.
A pact was made by us.
(b) I offered silent prayer in my heart.
Silent prayer was offered in my heart
(c) Colonel Hunt gave me three flags.
1.I was given three flags by Colonel Hunt.
2.Three flags were given to me by Colonel Hunt.
(d) I was carrying the Indian flag.
The Indian flag was being carried by me.
(e) I took photographs of Tenzing holding aloft the flags.
Photographs of Tenzing holding aloft the flags were taken by me.
(f) I remembered him.
He was remembered by me.
(g) We spent the night at Camp Eight.
The night was spent at Camp Eight by us.

Look at the sentences given below. Find out which one is correct. If the
sentence is wrong give reasons.
Find the Error and Correct the sentence.
a. Sunita is the quieter of four sisters. Incorrect : Comparison is among four sisters.
b. Sunita is the quietest of the four sisters. Correct
c. Anil’s computer is more new than mine. Incorrect : Comparative adjective is newer.
d. Anil’s computer is newer than mine. Correct
e. I have the wonderfullest mother in the world. Incorrect : superlative adjective of wonderful is most wonderful.
f. I have the most wonderful mother in the world. Correct
g. Aditi is more carefuller than Mary. Incorrect : carefuller is wrong.
h. Aditi is more careful than Mary. Correct
When we compare two nouns, we use comparative adjectives. When we
compare more than two nouns, we use superlative adjectives
.
For Example. – a. Milind is taller than John.
b. Zakir is the tallest of the three brothers.
Look at the following sentences and observe the changes in the three
sentences.
Degrees of Comparison
a. Atul is not as bright as Milind in studies. Positive Degree
b. The dining room is brighter than the kitchen. Comparative Degree
c. Anne is the brightest girl in class. Superlative Degree

• Fill in the blanks with comparative, superlative and positive forms of the
correct adjectives in the brackets.
a. You are very naughty. You are as clever as your brother (clever)
b. The tiger is the most dangerous animal in the zoo (dangerous)
c. This is the busiest road in town. (busy)
d. My new house is bigger than the one I used to live in. (big)
e. He is the most forgetful boy in class. (forgetful)

12 Basic English Grammar Tenses

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Grammar Tenses
Grammar Tenses

There are 3 main tenses in English Grammar . They are present,past and future. Each divided into four grammar tenses as simple, continuous, perfect and perfect continuous. These 12 basic English Grammar Tenses will help you to learn English speaking and writing.



Grammar Tenses

काळ उपयोग व रचना

Simple Present Tense

सहज सवयीने व नेहमी घडणारी क्रिया वैश्विक सत्य व्यक्त करण्यासाठी हा काळ वापरतात( Simple Present Tense is used to indicate frequent occurring , present habitual action, universal truth and truth forever)
  1. We go to college to get knowledge.
  2. I watch a T. V. serial everyday.
  3. Sneha reads this blog regularly.
  4. The earth revolves around the sun.
  5. The sun sets in the west.

Structure: sub+v1+obj/Complement


  1. I type a letter.
  2. We type letters.
  3. You type a letter.
  4. You type letters.
  5. He types a letter.
  6. She types a letter.
  7. They type letters.
  8. It saves letters.
  9. Manoj types a letter.
  10. People type letters.

Present Continuous Tense


वर्तमान स्थितीत चालु असणारी क्रिया व्यक्त करण्यासाठी हा काळ वापरतात(Present Continuous Tense is used to indicate the action which began some time ago , is going on and will continue for some more time.)
Structure: sub+am/is/are+v-ing+obj/Complement

  1. I am typing an e-mail now.
  2. We are creating a message at present.
  3. They are going to Nagpur.
  4. They are searching a treasure.
  5. He is copying the notes.
  6. She is making cake.
  7. It is raining heavily.
  8. Manisha is running a race.

Present Perfect Tense

नुकतीच पुर्ण झालेली क्रिया व्यक्त करण्यासाठी तसेच भुतकाळात घड्लेल्य घट्नेचा परिणाम वर्तंमानस्थीतीत कायम रहात असल्यास हा काळ वापरतात(Present Perfect Tense is used to indicate the just occurred action and the one which occurred in the past but its effect continues to the present time.) Structure: sub+have/has+v3+obj/Complement
  1. I have drawn a circle just now
  2. She has completed her homework right now.
  3. We have passed S.S.C.
  4. Kapil Dev has played Cricket for 15 years.
  5. How long have you known him?
  6. The workers have completed their work in time.
  7. Rajesh has won the best outgoing student award.

Present Perfect Continuous Tense

वर्तमान काळात दिर्घकाळ चालु असलेली क्रीया व्यक्त करण्यासाठी हा काळ वापरतात Structure: sub+have/has+ been +v-ing+obj
  1. I have been learning English for 6 years.
  2. I have been living in Gadchandur since 1994.
  3. We have been making kites for 8 hours.
  4. He has been working as a clerk.
  5. It has been grazing since morning.
  6. They have been ploughing the land for two days.
  7. Ramesh Patil has been teaching grammar for 24 years at Mahatma Gandhi Vidyalaya.
  8. She has been traveling through Europe since February.
  9. He has been working with our company for the last five years.
  10. Mrs. Smita Chitade has been teaching Maths in Mahatma Gandhi Jr. College since 1989.


Online Test

Grammar Tenses

Simple Past Tense

घडून गेलेली क्रिया व्यक्त करण्यासाठि हा काळ वापरतात.
  1. Shahajahan built the Tajmahal in memory of Mumtaj.
  2. Columbus discovered America.
  3. India got freedom in 1947.
  4. Valmiki wrote the Ramayan.
  5. She went to Kolkata yesterday.
Structure: Sub + V2 + Obj / complement.
  1. I took decision.
  2. We played cricket.
  3. You came late.
  4. He saw a tiger.
  5. She understood her mother very well.
  6. It was found.(Passive Voice)
  7. They read a story.
  8. Mayank ate oranges.
  9. SMS was sent by him.(Passive Voice) Struc: obj+to be+v3+by+sub.
  10. He did not complete his assignments.(Negative)Stru: sub+H.V. +not+ v1 + obj.
  11. Why did she deny that proposal? (Interrogative)Stru:Wh-word+H.V. +sub+v1+obj?

Past Continuous Tense

भुतकाळात एका विशीष्ट वेळी चालु असलेली क्रिया व्यक्त करण्यासाठी हा काळ वापरतात I was reading a newspaper when the phone rang. चालु असलेली क्रिया reading विशीष्ट वेळ phone rang. वरिल वाक्यात simple past आणि past continuous चे combination वापरलेले आहे. She was reading the Ramayan in the morning. Structure: Sub +was/were+ V-ing + Obj / complement.
  1. I was playing Kho-Kho. We were watching T.V. serial.
  2. You were crossing the road.
  3. He was swimming in the river.
  4. She was making chapatis in the kitchen.
  5. They were crossing the flooded water.
  6. A car was being driven by him.(Passive voice)
  7. A prisoner was being taken away.(Passive voice)

Past Perfect Tense

भुतकाळात घडलेल्या दोन घटनांपैकि जी घटना प्रथम घड्लेलि असते ती Past Perfect Tense मध्ये लिहीतात व नंतर घडलेली घटना Simple Past Tense मध्ये लिहीतात . Mother had finished cooking when father entered the kitchen.प्रथम घड्लेलि क्रिया had finished cooking नंतर घडलेली घटना father entered the kitchen Structure: Sub +had + V3 + obj/Compl.
  1. I had swept the room.
  2. He had played chess.
  3. She had learned a lesson.
  4. They had been praised by the governor. (Passive Voice)
  5. Trees had been cut. (Passive Voice)

Test On Tenses
12 Basic English Grammar Tenses

Past Perfect Continuous Tense
भूकाळात एखादी दीर्घ काळ सुरू असलेली क्रिया व्यक्त करण्यासाठी Past Perfect Continuous Tense वापरतात.
They had been building a bridge for 20 years. 

Structure : Sub + had been+ v-ing + object
1. He had been flying a kite for five hours.
2. It had been raining for 24 hours.
3. They had been riding for a week.
4. He had been batting for a day.
5. She had been singing for 12 hours. 




Grammar Tenses

Simple Future Tense

भविष्यात क्रिया घडेल असा भाव व्यक्त करण्यासाठी हा काळ वापरतात.
  1. I will pass H.S.S.C next year.
  2. They will go to Mumbai by next train.
  3. Structure: Sub + shall/will + V1 + obj/Compl.
    1. We shall learn computer operating.
    2. He will win the Chess Championship.
    3. She will go to Nagpur tomorrow.
    4. They will arrive here by next plane.
    5. You will get success if you work hard. A story will be written by him. (Passive voice)

    Future Continuous Tense

    भविष्यात एखादि क्रिया चालु असेल अशी कल्पना व्यक्त करण्यासाठी हा काळ वापरतात.
  4. We will be learning sums in the school tomorrow.
  5. She will be drawing rangoli in the morning.
  6. Structure: Sub + shall/will +be+ V-ing + obj/Compl.
    1. I shall be drawing a big circle.
    2. We shall be painting a wall.
    3. He will be ploughing a field.
    4. She will be rolling out chapatis.
    5. They will be singing songs.

    Future Perfect Tense.

    भविष्यात एका विशिष्ट वेळी एखादी क्रिया पुर्ण झालेली असेल असा भाव व्यक्त करण्यासाठी हा काळ वापरतात.
    12 Basic English Grammar Tenses
  7. India will have become superpower by the year 2020.
  8. She will have reached Kolhapur by this time tomorrow.
  9. Structure: Sub + shall/will +have+ V3 + obj/Compl.
  10. You will have passed S.S.C. by June 2018
  11. You will have passed H.S.S.C. by June 2020.
  12. You will have got a degree by the year 2023.

Tenses Exercise

Identify the tense form.

    1. We learnt grammar.
    2. They were playing kho-kho.
    3. She has inspired us.
    4. We have been learning English since 2002.
    5. He will call his father.
    6. I will have got a degree by the year 2027.
    7. It was raining heavily.
    8. People are cultivating crops.
    9. She had lifted a heavy bag.
    10. He had been flying a kite.
    11. We are sitting in the class room.
    12. He earns his livelihood by selling fruits.
    13 They will be running.

Do as directed

    1. We learnt grammar.(Rewrite into Present Perfect Tense)
    2. They were playing kho-kho.(Rewrite into Present Perfect continuous Tense)
    3. She has inspired us.(Rewrite into Past Perfect Tense)
    4. We have been learning English.(Rewrite into Future Perfect Tense)
    5. He will call his father.(Rewrite into Past Perfect Tense)
    6. I will have got a degree. (Rewrite into Present Perfect Tense)
    7. It was raining heavily.(Rewrite into Past Perfect continuous Tense)
    8. People are cultivating crops.(Rewrite into Future Perfect Tense)
    9. She had lifted a heavy bag.(Rewrite into Present Perfect Tense)
    10. He had been flying a kite.(Rewrite into Present Perfect Tense)
    11. We are sitting in the class room.(Rewrite into Past Perfect continuous Tense)
    12. He earns his livelihood by selling fruits.(Rewrite into Present Perfect Tense)
    13 They will be running.(Rewrite into Present Perfect continuous Tense)

(1) Use the correct tense form of the verbs given in the brackets and rewrite the sentences.

    (a) She………(take/takes/took/had taken) that old fashion book of her mother a few months back.
    (b) She…… (pecking/ pecks/ pecked) at her left shoulder for quite some time.
    (c) One human should………(done /doing/be doing) this for another always.
    (d)All this…….(will be/ is/ have been) destroyed in a few years.
    (e) She….(feels/felt/will be feeling) like a dressmaker’s dummy standing there.

Four Types of Sentences – Structure and Uses

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Types of Sentences
Types of Sentences

Let’s us understand sentence structure, it’s uses and types of sentences.

Types of Sentences

What is a sentence? …….A group of words that makes good sense is known as sentence.
शब्दांचा अर्थपुर्ण समुह म्हणजे वाक्य होय.


e.g. :A.] India is my country.

B.] I learn English.

C.] Do you like tea?

D.] Come here.

E.] Alas! He is dead.

F.] What do you want?


Four Types of Sentences

There are four types of sentence in English Grammar.

1. Assertive 2. Imperative 3. Interrogative 4. Exclamatory.

1 Assertive Sentence

Def: Stating something about a subject or making simply a statement is an assertive sentence. It is also known as declarative/statement. It begins with noun or pronoun i.e. subject and ends with full stop. कर्त्याबद्दल विधान करणारे वाक्य म्हणजे विधानात्मक वाक्य होय.

Structure
रचना
: 1. subject + verb + object.
We love India.


2. subject + verb + complement.
He is a farmer. He is happy.


3. subject + h. v. + verb + complement/object.
Ganesh is flying a kite.
They have invited us.

Subject means doer of action . It functions as a noun or pronoun. Object is a noun or objective pronoun to which action is passed on. Complement is a noun or adjective used to bring meaning in the sentence.

Subject म्हणजे कर्ता जो Noun / Pronoun च्या रुपात असतो . Object म्हणजे कर्म जो Noun / Pronoun च्या objective form मध्ये असतो. Complement म्हणजे पुरक शब्द होय. वाक्याचा अर्थ पुर्ण करण्यासाठी वापरलेले Noun किवा Adjective हे complement चे कार्य करते.


2. Imperative Sentence

Def-A sentence that has request or order or instructions or advice is an imperative sentence. It begins with verb and ends with full stop.

आ‍द्न्या(order) , हुकूम, विनंती ,सुचना करनारे वाक्य म्ह्णजे Imperative sentence होय.


Structure
1. verb + object.

Open book.

2. verb + complement.

Move aside. Look at me.

more examples:

Please give me your notebook.(request)

Don’t waste time.(advice)
Have a nice day.(wish)
Do not do that again.(command)
March ahead. (order)


3. Interrogative sentence:

Def/Uses A sentence used to get information or make enquiry is an interrogative sentence. There are two types of interrogative sentences. 1. Verbal Question 2. Wh-question

माहिती मिळ्वीण्यासा्ठी किंवा चौकशीसाठी केलेले प्रश्न म्हणजे प्रश्नार्थक वाक्य होय.प्रश्नार्थक वाक्याचे दोन प्रकार आहेत. 1. Verbal question 2. wh-questionA] Verbal Question किंवा Yes/No type Question


Structure A] Verbal Question किंवा Yes/No type Question Auxiliary verb + Sub. + Verb + Obj./Comp. ?

Examples of Verbal Question

Do you like fruits?

Have they invited us?

Is Ganesh flying kite?

Can you read English?

Are you ready?


टिप: H. V = मुख्य क्रीयापदाला मदत म्ह्णुन वापरलेल्या शब्दाला Helping verb/ Auxiliary verb म्हणतात.Helping verb पुढील प्रमाणे आहेत can, could, may, might, must, am, is, are, was, were, have, has, had, shall, will, should, would, do, does, did, इत्यादी.

Structure B] Wh-Question:
Wh-word + H. V. + Sub. + Verb + ……….. ?

Examples of Wh Questions

1. What do you want?

2. Where do you live?

3. When have they arrived?

4. Who wrote the constitution of India?

5. Why are you late?

6. How are you?

4 Exclamatory Sentence.:

Def/uses – A sentence with a deep feeling is called as exclamatory sentence. It is used to express sudden feelings about joy, grief, and surprise.

स्वाभावीक तिव्र भावना व्यक्त करनारे वाक्य म्ह्णजे उदगारवाचक वाक्य होय.


Structure : 1. What + a/an + adjective + noun + sub + verb !
2. How + adjective + sub + verb !

Examples of Exclamatory Sentence

1. What a beautiful flower it is!

2. What an honest man he is!

3. How clever you are!

4. How pretty!

5. What a colourful bush!

Read about The Eight Parts of Speech- English Grammar

Tenses – Past Present Future

Do as directed

Test Your Knowledge

Big Data Big Insights : Std 12

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Big Data Big Insights
Big Data Big Insights

What is Big Data ?

Big Data Big Insights : Std 12

Big Data – Big Insights is an important prose for teachers and students of 21st  century . In the age of information technology, everyone should be aware of the importance of information shared, stored, monitored and analysed. The data is such a huge that the adjective big to Data seems to be small. Reading of the prose gives  the teacher as well as students the big insights. We are aware of the words like kb (kilo byte), mb (mega byte), gb (giga byte) and tb( tera byte) . These are the measures of information( data.).

 Through this lesson we understand what exactly data means and how huge it is. Our sharing on whats-app , face book , twitter and other social media , our online transactions over amazon, snap-deal, flip-cart are recorded and analysed.  The data is used by different organisations .  Uses of Big Data 

 We get calls, emails and messages from unknown for selling goods and services. When our child is in 9th or 10th std,  we get messages from coaching classes. Have you ever given thought how do they know that your child is in std 10th? They get such information from big data. Our online activities are collected and analysed. While surfing shopping websites, they show the things of your interest first.Our mobiles show how many steps we have walked. 

There are many uses of data collected. 

  • Location Tracking
    • GPS and Google Maps make use of Big Data to track the location 
    • We get information about traffic and one way route and accident prone areas . 
  • Understanding the weather pattern
    • Weather sensors and satellites use data to forecast weather. 
  • Banking, Finance and Trading
    • Design suitable plans for investors knowing their needs .
    • Monitor financial markets 
  • Sports
    • Sportsmen used data to improve their performance.  

After studying this lesson we can be well informed about data world wide. We can find a way to use such data to improve the educations system. We can take precaution what to share and what not. We are warned not to share passwords and pin codes of Credit/ Debit Card. Here we find the reason. 

Big Data Big Insights Vocabulary

Big Data Big Insights : Std 12
Big Data Big Insights

Vocabulary Test on Big Data Big Insights

Presentation / Mind Mapping on Big Data Big Insight

   There are four pages in the following presentation. Try  with full screen view.

Activity Sheet No 1 on Big Data Big Insights

Read the extract and do all the activities. 

(There is a revolution………….natural resources like water. )

A1. Global Understanding  2

Complete the web chart. 

Big Data Big Insights : Std 12
Big Data Big Insights

Ans : Facebook, whatsapp, twitter, online transaction

A2. Complex Factual  2

State whether the following statements are true or false.

1. Everything including food habits, healthcare and travelling has changed 360 degrees.

2. Whatever activity we do offline is recorded and monitored.

3. Big Data can be gigabyte.

4. The available data is enormously increasing in 5 Vs. 

Ans: 1. True 2. False correct- Whatever activity we do online is recorded and monitored. 3. False correct- Big Data can be petabytes 4. True

A3. Inference/ Interpretation/ Analysis  2

By using Big Data condition of goods can be checked. Explain

Ans : GPS helps us to get the status of the goods we have ordered. Online shopping sites provides the facility of checking the condition of goods. Data exchanged among the seller, supplier and consumer helps to check the condition.

A4. Personal Response                                        2

Narrate how will you make use of Big Data.

Ans : I will make use of big data to decide about launching startup. Data will help me to know about the need of the people and availability of particular product. 

A5. Language Study 2

1. Choose the statement of passive voice.

a. Many industries have advanced by miles from their competitors. 

b. Huge amount of data is continuously being received from them.  

Ans : b. Passive Voice : Huge amount of data is continuously being received from them. 

2. Big Data has been useful in identifying and tracking the exact location of place. (Use ‘to identify’ and rewrite the sentence.)

Ans : Big Data has been useful to identify and to track the exact location of place. 

A6. Vocabulary  2

Find four words with a similar meaning to ‘massive’. 

Ans : huge, big, enormous, vast 

Activity Sheet No 2 on Big Data Big Insights

Read the extract and do all the activities. 

(Today we see that……………..manage transactions accordingly. )

A1 Complete the web chart  2

Big Data Big Insights : Std 12
Big Data Big Insights

A2. Show the benefits of Big Data to doctors and pharma companies. 2

A3. State how banks finance companies utilize Big Data.2

A4. If you find some messages like ‘I’m down with flu’ on facebook , what will you do? 2

A5. Language Study. 2

1. It will be monitored. (Begin with ‘They….’ and rewrite the sentence.)

2. New insights have enabled the banks and finance companies to come with suitable plans. ( Rewrite the sentence by using ‘not only …… but also.’)

A6. Word Register. Find four words closely related with ‘Disease’.  2

Big Data Big Insights : Std 12
Big Data Big Insights

Key for Activity Sheet 2

A2. Big Data offers several benefits to doctors and pharmaceutical companies. It allows for more accurate patient diagnosis and treatment through data analysis. Pharma companies can use it for drug research and development, making the process more efficient.

A3. Banks finance companies utilize Big Data for risk assessment and credit scoring. They analyze large datasets to determine the creditworthiness of businesses and individuals, enabling more informed lending decisions.

A4. If I find messages like ‘I’m down with flu’ on Facebook, I would likely offer sympathy or advice, depending on my relationship with the person and their specific situation.

A5.

1. They will monitor it.
2. Not only have new insights enabled the banks and finance companies to come up with suitable plans, but they have also improved their decision-making processes.

Activity Sheet No. 3 on Big Data Big Insights

(From question bank)

Read the extract and complete the activities given below : 

( So a huge amount of data………………….. improve speed and reliability in delivery.)

A1. Arrange the given sentences in the order to summarize the extract according to

proper occurrences. (2)

i. Big data improved the logistics services.

ii. Every online activity is stored in big data.

iii. Big data is comprehensible due to Big Data Analytics.

iv. The industries gained advantages from the big data.

Ans : ii. Every online activity is stored in big data.

          iii. Big data is comprehensible due to Big Data Analytics.

          iv. The industries gained advantages from the big data.

          i. Big data improved the logistics services.

A2. Big Data analytics play a vital role. Justify. (2)

Ans :  Big Data Analytics gives insights that were previously beyond understanding. The industries can have numerous advantages. Many industries have surpassed their competitors by using big data analytics.

A3. Big data is a great challenge to the present computing technologies. Explain. (2)

Ans : Big data is collected from different sources . So it is enormously increasing in volume, velocity, veracity, and value. Such a huge data is a great challenge to the different computing technologies. 

A4. We tend to refer to certain features of the product or services before orders. Give

reasons for such conduct. (2)

Ans : We tend to refer to certain features of the product or services before orders. Because it gives us required information about the product. We can see whether the product meets our needs or not. It helps us to take the decision about buying the product.

A5. Do as directed. (2)

1) If you have ordered something online you can track the location of your goods in transit.

(Choose correct alternative to use ‘After+ing’)

i. After you have ordering something online, you can track the location of your goods in transit.

ii. After ordering something online, you can track the location of the goods in transit.

iii. After you have ordered something, you are tracking the location of your goods in transit.

iv. After ordering something online, you can tracking the location of your goods in transit.

Ans : ii. After ordering something online, you can track the location of the goods in transit.

2) Big data analytics is the complex process.

(Choose correct alternative to change the sentence as negative sentence)

i. Big Data analytics is not the complex process.

ii. Big Data analytics is not a compound process.

iii. Big Data analytics is not an easy process.

iv. Big Data analytics is not the simple process.

Ans : iv. Big Data analytics is not the simple process.

A6 Pick out the antonyms of the following words from the passage. (2)

a) Understandable b) hide c) available d) similar

Ans : a) Understandable – incomprehensible 

b) hide – uncover 

c) available –  closed 

d) similar – varied

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