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Appreciation of all Poems Class 12

By
Prafulla Mahure
-
15

You will find Appreciation of all Poems Class 12 at one place here. Read each one twice, try to remember what you read, read again to find what you missed. Repeat the action for each poem.

प्रत्येकाला दोनदा वाचा, आपण काय वाचले ते लक्षात ठेवण्याचा प्रयत्न करा, आपण काय विसरलो ते शोधण्यासाठी पुन्हा वाचा. प्रत्येक कवितेसाठी ही क्रिया पुन्हा करा.

—

1. Indian Weavers by Sarojini Naidu

About Poet: Sarojini Naidu, also known as the Nightingale of India, was a celebrated poet and a freedom fighter. Her works often reflect Indian culture, tradition, and life.

About Poem: This poem describes the different stages of human life through the work of Indian weavers.

Theme: The cycle of life — birth, youth, and death — is symbolized by the weavers’ creation of garments.

Type of Poem/Poetic Devices:

Lyric poem.

Poetic devices: Metaphor (stages of life represented by cloth), Symbolism (blue, purple, white colors), Alliteration, Repetition.

Language: Simple, musical, and vivid with colorful imagery.

Message/Values: The poem highlights the beauty of life’s stages while conveying the significance of art and labor.

—

2. Song of the Open Road by Walt Whitman

About Poet: Walt Whitman, a 19th-century American poet, is known for his free verse poetry and themes of democracy, nature, and individuality.

About Poem: This poem celebrates freedom, the joy of journeying, and the opportunities life offers.

Theme: Life is a journey, and the open road symbolizes freedom, possibilities, and self-discovery.

Type of Poem/Poetic Devices:

Free verse.

Poetic devices: Metaphor (road as life’s journey), Symbolism (freedom and opportunity), Repetition.

Language: Optimistic and conversational, with vivid and inspiring imagery.

Message/Values: The poem encourages self-reliance, adventure, and embracing life’s journey with a free spirit.

—

3. The Inchcape Rock by Robert Southey

About Poet: Robert Southey was an English Romantic poet and Poet Laureate, known for his narrative poems.

About Poem: A ballad that tells the story of a pirate who removes a warning bell, only to perish on the same rock.

Theme: Evil deeds lead to self-destruction; poetic justice prevails.

Type of Poem/Poetic Devices:

Narrative ballad.

Poetic devices: Symbolism (Inchcape Rock as danger), Alliteration, Imagery, Rhyme scheme (abab).

Language: Simple and rhythmic with vivid imagery and moral undertones.

Message/Values: The poem conveys that selfishness and wicked acts ultimately lead to one’s downfall.

—

4. Have You Earned Your Tomorrow by Edgar Guest

About Poet: Edgar Guest was known as the People’s Poet for his uplifting and moralistic poetry.

About Poem: The poem is a reflective call to evaluate one’s actions and contributions.

Theme: Self-assessment and moral responsibility — living a life that impacts others positively.

Type of Poem/Poetic Devices:

Reflective and moralistic poem.

Poetic devices: Rhetorical questions, Repetition, Alliteration.

Language: Simple, conversational, and thought-provoking.

Message/Values: The poem inspires kindness, self-reflection, and the importance of contributing positively to the world.

—

5. Father Returning Home by Dilip Chitre

About Poet: Dilip Chitre was a renowned Indian poet, critic, and translator, often focusing on urban alienation.

About Poem: The poem reflects the loneliness of a father in a modern urban setup.

Theme: Alienation, emotional disconnect, and the struggles of urban life.

Type of Poem/Poetic Devices:

Free verse.

Poetic devices: Imagery (describing the father’s journey), Simile, Symbolism (rain, train).

Language: Stark, minimalistic, and reflective.

Message/Values: The poem emphasizes the isolation of individuals in modern society and the emotional void in relationships.

—

6. She Walks in Beauty by George Byron

About Poet: Lord Byron, a leading Romantic poet, was known for his lyrical poetry celebrating beauty, love, and nature.

About Poem: The poem is an ode to a woman’s inner and outer beauty.

Theme: The harmonious combination of physical beauty and inner purity.

Type of Poem/Poetic Devices:

Lyrical poem.

Poetic devices: Simile (beauty compared to the night), Contrast (light and dark), Alliteration, Imagery.

Language: Romantic, elegant, and musical.

Message/Values: True beauty lies in the harmony between inner goodness and physical appearance.

7. Money by William H. Davies

About Poet: William H. Davies was a Welsh poet known for his poems that critique materialism and modern life.

About Poem: The poem discusses how wealth changes relationships and happiness.

Theme: The limitations of wealth and the simple joys of life.

Type of Poem/Poetic Devices:

Reflective poem.

Poetic devices: Contrast, Symbolism (money), Irony, Repetition.

Language: Simple and straightforward with a conversational tone.

Message/Values: True happiness comes from meaningful relationships and experiences, not material wealth.

—

8. Small Towns and Rivers by Mamang Dai

About Poet: Mamang Dai is a poet and journalist from Arunachal Pradesh whose works explore nature, identity, and culture.

About Poem: The poem celebrates the beauty of small towns and rivers, emphasizing their cultural and emotional significance.

Theme: Connection between humans and nature, memories, and the passage of time.

Type of Poem/Poetic Devices:

Free verse.

Poetic devices: Symbolism (rivers as timeless continuity), Imagery, Personification.

Language: Nostalgic, serene, and reflective with vivid descriptions.

Message/Values: The poem reminds readers of the deep bond between people, nature, and cultural heritage, urging us to preserve these connections.

A trick to remember poems and their poets with key words:



1. Walt Whitman takes a journey and sings on the Open Road (Song of the Open Road), celebrating freedom and opportunity under the open sky.


2. Sarojini Naidu weaves magic through her poem Indian Weavers, capturing the three stages of life: birth, youth, and death.


3. Robert Southey anchors the tale of The Inchcape Rock, highlighting the pride and downfall of a pirate who tampered with the warning bell.


4. Edgar Guest questions, “Have You Earned Your Tomorrow?”, inspiring thoughts on kindness, purpose, and living for others.


5. Dilip Chitre writes about his father Returning Home (Father Returning Home), depicting loneliness, alienation, and the struggles of aging.


6. William H. Davies reflects on the troubles of too much Money, emphasizing how greed and wealth steal joy and simplicity from life.


7. George Gordon Byron praises his beloved who Walks in Beauty (She Walks in Beauty), comparing her to starry nights, harmony, and graceful perfection.


8. Mamang Dai beautifully describes Small Towns and Rivers, celebrating nature, culture, and the passage of time in her homeland.




Do as directed – Grade 9 to 12

By
Prafulla Mahure
-
5

English Grammar Test

Grade Level: 9-12
Marks: 30
Time Allowed: 60 minutes


—

Instructions:

Read each question carefully.

Write your answers in the space provided.

Each question carries 1 mark unless otherwise stated.



—

Section A: Active and Passive Voice (3 Marks)

1. Convert the following sentence into passive voice:
“The chef prepared a delicious meal.”


2. Rewrite the following sentence in active voice:
“The problem was solved by the students.”


3. Transform into active voice:
“The house will be painted by the workers next week.”

—

Section B: Degrees of Comparison (3 Marks)

4. Change the sentence into the comparative degree:
“This is the most expensive car in the showroom.”


5. Rewrite the sentence in the positive degree:
“This dress is prettier than that one.”


6. Change the following sentence to the superlative degree:
“This mountain is higher than all the others in the range.”

—

Section C: Sentence Transformation (4 Marks)

7. Transform the following exclamatory sentence into a statement:
“What an amazing story it is!”


8. Frame a WH-question for the underlined part:
“She lives in New York.”


9. Rewrite the sentence using unless:
“If you do not study, you will fail the test.”


10. Rewrite the sentence using if…not:
“Unless you hurry, you will miss the train.”

—

Section D: Sentence Joining (5 Marks)

11. Combine the sentences using not only…but also:
“She is intelligent. She is hardworking.”


12. Join the sentences using as well as:
“He sings beautifully. He plays the guitar.”


13. Combine the sentences using neither…nor:
“She does not like tea. She does not like coffee.”


14. Combine the sentences using used to:
“He lived in Paris. He painted every day.”


15. Combine the sentences using would:
“She always wrote letters. She always called her friends on Sundays.”
—

Section E: Reported Speech (4 Marks)

16. Change the following into reported speech:
He said, “I can finish the work by tomorrow.”


17. Rewrite in direct speech:
She told me that she had completed her assignment.


18. Transform into indirect speech:
He asked, “Did you finish your homework?”


19. Rewrite the following in direct speech:
They said that they would attend the meeting.
—

Section F: Gerunds, Infinitives, and Modals (4 Marks)

20. Identify whether the underlined word is a gerund or an infinitive:
“She decided to travel during her vacation.”


21. Fill in the blank with the correct infinitive:
“He promised ______ (to help / helping) me with my work.”


22. Choose the correct modal auxiliary:
“You ______ call her to confirm the appointment.”
A. should
B. might
C. could


23. Fill in the blank with a modal expressing necessity:
“You ______ complete this project by Monday.”

—

Section G: Mixed Sentence Transformation (7 Marks)

24. Rewrite the sentence in its affirmative form:
“He does not enjoy watching horror movies.”


25. Change the sentence into a negative sentence:
“Everyone agreed to the proposal.”


26. Frame a WH-question for the underlined part:
“They are meeting at 6 p.m. tomorrow.”


27. Transform into a passive voice sentence:
“She wrote an excellent essay on climate change.”


28. Rewrite the sentence using not only…but also:
“He is a good writer. He is an excellent speaker.”


29. Rewrite using as well as:
“She is talented. She is humble.”


30. Join the sentences using would:
“He often visited his grandmother. He brought her flowers every time.”



Click here for ↪️Answer Key:

To be provided upon request.

Practice English During Diwali Vacation

By
Prafulla Mahure
-
3

How to Practice English During a 10-Day Diwali Vacation

The Diwali vacation is a time for celebration, relaxation, and spending time with family and friends. But it can also be a great opportunity to sharpen your English skills, even in the midst of festivities. Here’s how you can make the most of your 10-day break while enjoying the festival of lights.

1. Set Achievable Goals ध्येय ठरवा

Before you dive into practice, decide what you want to focus on. Do you want to improve your vocabulary, speaking, reading, or writing? Setting clear, achievable goals will help you stay motivated and make the most of your time.

Example Goals:

1. Learn 10 new words every day related to Diwali.

2. Practice speaking English for 30 minutes a day with a friend or family member.

3. Write a short virtual message or blog each day about your Diwali experiences.

2. Use Diwali-Related Content

Incorporate Diwali themes into your English learning. This will keep the practice relevant and interesting.

Vocabulary Building: Learn words related to the festival like “celebration,” “tradition,” “festival,” “lantern,” or “fireworks.” You can also explore more advanced words like “auspicious,” “illumination,” or “festivity.”

Reading Practice: Read articles, blogs, or short stories about Diwali in English. This will expose you to how the festival is described in different contexts, and help you understand the usage of words and grammar in a real-life context.

Listening Practice: Watch YouTube videos, podcasts, or documentaries about Diwali in English. You’ll improve your listening skills and pronunciation by listening to native speakers.

3. Engage in Conversations संवाद साधा

Diwali often brings together family and friends. Why not use this opportunity to practice speaking English? Even if it’s just a few minutes, try to hold conversations with family members or friends in English. You can talk about:

How you plan to celebrate Diwali.

Diwali memories from past years.

Your thoughts on the significance of the festival.

If you feel hesitant, start small. Greet people in English or use simple phrases like “Happy Diwali” and gradually build on that.

4. Write About Your Experiences

Writing is a great way to improve your English, and Diwali offers many moments worth writing about. You can write:

A diary entry each day of your vacation.

A short essay about what Diwali means to you.

A blog post about your favourite Diwali tradition.

Prepare an imaginary group discussion.

Send an email to your friend.

You don’t need to write long essays—just a few sentences every day will help you improve your grammar, sentence structure, and overall writing ability.

5. Watch Diwali-Themed Movies in English

Watching movies is a relaxing way to practice English. During your vacation, pick a few Diwali-themed or festival-related movies available in English or with English subtitles. Pay attention to how characters use different words, phrases, and idiomatic expressions.

6. Play Word Games with Family

Make learning fun by playing word games like Scrabble, Pictionary, or Charades with your family and friends. These games will challenge your vocabulary and encourage you to think in English, all while keeping the festive spirit alive.

7. Read story books

Spend 10 minutes a day on reading story books.

8. Practice Pronunciation

Take a few minutes each day to practice your pronunciation. Focus on tricky words you’ve encountered during your reading or listening exercises. You can use online resources, pronunciation videos, dictionary entry.

9. Celebrate Diwali Virtually with English-Speaking Friends

If you have friends or relatives who speak English, connect with them over video calls during Diwali. Share your Diwali experiences and listen to theirs. It’s a great way to practice conversational English in a real-life setting.

10. Reflect on Your Progress

At the end of your 10-day vacation, take some time to reflect on what you’ve achieved. Did you learn new vocabulary? Did you improve your speaking or writing skills? Use this reflection to set future learning goals and celebrate the progress you’ve made during the vacation.

Conclusion

The Diwali vacation doesn’t have to be a break from learning. With a little planning and creativity, you can continue improving your English while enjoying the festivities. Whether it’s through conversation, reading, writing, or using apps, every bit of practice counts. So, light up your English skills this Diwali and make your 10-day vacation both fun and productive!

Speech on Dr. A.P.J. Abdul Kalam: The People’s President and Visionary Leader

By
Prafulla Mahure
-
4

Speech on Dr. A.P.J. Abdul Kalam: The People’s President and Visionary Leader

Good morning to everyone present here. Respected President of the program, honourable judges and teachers, dear friends.

It is an honour and privilege to speak about one of the most respected and beloved figures in India, Dr. A.P.J. Abdul Kalam. A name that echoes not just through the scientific corridors of our country, but in the hearts of millions. Dr. Kalam was a man who embodied the spirit of humility, intellect, and a deep love for his country and its people.

He was born on October 15, 1931, in Rameswaram, Tamil Nadu. Dr. Avul Pakir Jainulabdeen Abdul Kalam rose from a modest background to become a national icon. His journey from a small coastal town to becoming the “Missile Man of India” and the 11th President of the country is memorable.

Dr. Kalam’s contributions to India’s defense and space technology are legendary. As a scientist, he played a pivotal role in India’s missile development programs, earning him the title of the “Missile Man.” Under his leadership, India developed the Agni and Prithvi missiles. .

Dr. Kalam’s work at the Indian Space Research Organisation (ISRO) was equally groundbreaking. He was instrumental in the development of India’s first satellite launch vehicle, SLV-III. It successfully deployed the Rohini satellite into space in 1980. This achievement placed India among the elite group of space-faring nations.

He was also a key figure in the Pokhran-II nuclear tests in 1998, which established India as a nuclear power on the global stage. His scientific contributions are a matter of great national pride. His unwavering commitment to serving the people sets him apart.


Dr. Kalam was not just a scientist. He was a man with a vision. His dream was to see India as a developed nation, not just in terms of technology but in every sphere of life. His book, “India 2020: A Vision for the New Millennium,” outlined his dream of transforming India into a self-reliant and prosperous nation. He believed that science and technology should serve society . It should improve the quality of life for every citizen, especially the underprivileged.

But Dr. Kalam’s vision extended beyond science. He saw the youth of India as the torchbearers of the nation’s future. Throughout his life, he interacted with students, encouraging them to dream big, work hard, and believe in their potential. He famously said, “सपने देखो, सपने देखो, सपने देखो। सपने विचारों में बदल जाते हैं और विचार कार्य में परिणित होते हैं।”



When Dr. Kalam became the President of India in 2002, he brought with him a sense of accessibility and warmth that made him beloved by all. He was often referred to as the “People’s President” because of his humble nature and his close connection with ordinary citizens, especially the youth. His presidency was marked by his willingness to listen, to engage with the common man, and to break away from the formality typically associated with the office.

Even after his presidency, Dr. Kalam continued his mission to inspire and mentor students across the country. He visited schools, colleges, and universities, sharing his wisdom and life lessons. His humility and simplicity were a reflection of his belief that true greatness comes from serving others.



Dr. Kalam’s legacy is not limited to his contributions to science or his role as a leader. It is his unwavering belief in the potential of India’s youth that will be remembered for generations. He once said, “The best brains of the nation may be found on the last benches of the classroom.” This statement reflects his deep belief that greatness can come from anyone, regardless of their background or circumstances.

His life was a testament to the fact that with hard work, perseverance, and a deep sense of purpose, one can rise above any challenge. He taught us that it is not where you start that matters, but where you aim to go.



As we remember Dr. A.P.J. Abdul Kalam today, let us not forget the values he stood for—humility, hard work, dedication to the nation, and the power of dreams. He left us with a vision for a better India, and it is now our responsibility to carry that vision forward.

In his own words, “” Let us dream big, work hard, and make those dreams a reality, just as Dr. Kalam did.

Thank you.

Magical Power of Suffixes

By
Prafulla Mahure
-
1

The suffix “-cide” comes from the Latin word “caedere,” meaning “to kill.” It is used in various terms to indicate the act of killing or the substance used for killing. Here are some words with suffix “-cide” along with their meanings:

1. Homicide: The act of killing another human being.

2. Suicide: The act of intentionally taking one’s own life.

3. Genocide: The deliberate killing of a large group of people, especially those of a particular ethnic group or nation.

4. Insecticide: A substance used for killing insects.

5. Pesticide: A substance used for killing pests, especially insects harmful to crops.

6. Herbicide: A substance used to kill unwanted plants or weeds.

7. Infanticide: The act of killing an infant or young child.

8. Regicide: The act of killing a king or monarch.

9. Patricide: The act of killing one’s father.

10. Matricide: The act of killing one’s mother.

11. Fratricide: The act of killing one’s brother.

12. Sororicide: The act of killing one’s sister.

13. Uxoricide: The act of killing one’s wife.

14. Filicide: The act of killing one’s child.

15. Ecocide: The destruction or killing of the natural environment.

16. Fungicide: A substance used to kill fungi or fungal spores.

17. Germicide: A substance or agent that kills germs or microorganisms.

18. Vermicide: A substance used to kill worms, especially parasitic worms.

19. Bactericide: A substance that kills bacteria.

20. Deicide: The act of killing a god or deity.

Suffix -fy

Here’s a list of words with the suffix -fy, along with their meanings and example sentences:

1. Amplify

Meaning: To make something louder, larger, or more intense. Sentence: The speakers were used to amplify the sound of the singer’s voice.

2. Clarify

Meaning: To make something clearer or easier to understand. Sentence: Can you clarify your instructions so that everyone understands?

3. Beautify

Meaning: To make something more beautiful or attractive. Sentence: She planted flowers in the garden to beautify the surroundings.

4. Simplify

Meaning: To make something simpler or easier to do or understand. Sentence: The teacher tried to simplify the complex math problem for the students.

5. Justify

Meaning: To show or prove that something is right or reasonable. Sentence: He tried to justify his actions by explaining his reasoning.

6. Purify

Meaning: To remove contaminants or impurities from something. Sentence: The water treatment plant works to purify the drinking water.

7. Solidify

Meaning: To make something more solid, strong, or definite. Sentence: The team worked hard to solidify their plans for the project.

8. Personify

Meaning: To represent something abstract in human form. Sentence: The author chose to personify nature, giving the wind a voice and personality.

9. Nullify

Meaning: To make something legally invalid or ineffective. Sentence: The court ruling will nullify the earlier agreement between the two parties.

10. Electrify

Meaning: To charge with electricity or to excite or thrill someone. Sentence: The crowd was electrified by the band’s energetic performance.



These words with the suffix -fy often imply a process of change or transformation.

Suffix -ee and -er, along with their meanings:

 

Words with -ee (Denotes the receiver of an action)

1. Interviewee Meaning: A person who is being interviewed.


2. Employee Meaning: A person who is employed by someone else.


3. Trainee Meaning: A person who is being trained for a job or skill.


4. Referee Meaning: A person who oversees the rules in a sports game or event.


5. Payee Meaning: A person to whom money is paid.


6. Absentee Meaning: A person who is not present in a place where they are supposed to be.


7. Appointee Meaning: A person who has been appointed to a position.


8. Addressee Meaning: The person to whom something (such as a letter) is addressed.


9. Escapee Meaning: A person who has escaped from a place.


10. Licensee Meaning: A person who holds a license, especially a business license.


Words with -er (Denotes the doer or performer of an action)



1. Interviewer Meaning: A person who asks questions during an interview.


2. Employer Meaning: A person or company that hires and pays people for work.


3. Trainer Meaning: A person who trains people or animals.


4. Referrer Meaning: A person who refers someone to another person or service.


5. Payer Meaning: A person who pays money.


6. Presenter Meaning: A person who presents something, such as a speech or award.


7. Reader Meaning: A person who reads, especially a person who reads books regularly.


8. Writer Meaning: A person who writes, especially as a profession.


9. Singer Meaning: A person who sings, either professionally or for pleasure.


10. Driver Meaning: A person who drives a vehicle.



These suffixes help distinguish between the one performing an action (-er) and the one receiving the action (-ee).

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