What is Big Data ?

Big Data – Big Insights is an important prose for teachers and students of 21st  century . In the age of information technology, everyone should be aware of the importance of information shared, stored, monitored and analysed. The data is such a huge that the adjective big to Data seems to be small. Reading of the prose gives  the teacher as well as students the big insights. We are aware of the words like kb (kilo byte), mb (mega byte), gb (giga byte) and tb( tera byte) . These are the measures of information( data.).

 Through this lesson we understand what exactly data means and how huge it is. Our sharing on whats-app , face book , twitter and other social media , our online transactions over amazon, snap-deal, flip-cart are recorded and analysed.  The data is used by different organisations .  Uses of Big Data 

 We get calls, emails and messages from unknown for selling goods and services. When our child is in 9th or 10th std,  we get messages from coaching classes. Have you ever given thought how do they know that your child is in std 10th? They get such information from big data. Our online activities are collected and analysed. While surfing shopping websites, they show the things of your interest first.Our mobiles show how many steps we have walked. 

There are many uses of data collected. 

• Location Tracking
  • GPS and Google Maps make use of Big Data to track the location 
  • We get information about traffic and one way route and accident prone areas . 
• Understanding the weather pattern
  • Weather sensors and satellites use data to forecast weather. 
• Banking, Finance and Trading
  • Design suitable plans for investors knowing their needs .
  • Monitor financial markets 
• Sports
  • Sportsmen used data to improve their performance.  

After studying this lesson we can be well informed about data world wide. We can find a way to use such data to improve the educations system. We can take precaution what to share and what not. We are warned not to share passwords and pin codes of Credit/ Debit Card. Here we find the reason. 

Big Data Big Insights Vocabulary

Vocabulary Test on Big Data Big Insights

Presentation / Mind Mapping on Big Data Big Insight

   There are four pages in the following presentation. Try  with full screen view.

Activity Sheet No 1 on Big Data Big Insights

Read the extract and do all the activities. 

(There is a revolution………….natural resources like water. )

A1. Global Understanding  2

Complete the web chart. 

Ans : Facebook, whatsapp, twitter, online transaction

A2. Complex Factual  2

State whether the following statements are true or false.

1. Everything including food habits, healthcare and travelling has changed 360 degrees.

2. Whatever activity we do offline is recorded and monitored.

3. Big Data can be gigabyte.

4. The available data is enormously increasing in 5 Vs. 

Ans: 1. True 2. False correct- Whatever activity we do online is recorded and monitored. 3. False correct- Big Data can be petabytes 4. True

A3. Inference/ Interpretation/ Analysis  2

By using Big Data condition of goods can be checked. Explain

Ans : GPS helps us to get the status of the goods we have ordered. Online shopping sites provides the facility of checking the condition of goods. Data exchanged among the seller, supplier and consumer helps to check the condition.

A4. Personal Response                                        2

Narrate how will you make use of Big Data.

Ans : I will make use of big data to decide about launching startup. Data will help me to know about the need of the people and availability of particular product. 

A5. Language Study 2

1. Choose the statement of passive voice.

a. Many industries have advanced by miles from their competitors. 

b. Huge amount of data is continuously being received from them.  

Ans : b. Passive Voice : Huge amount of data is continuously being received from them. 

2. Big Data has been useful in identifying and tracking the exact location of place. (Use ‘to identify’ and rewrite the sentence.)

Ans : Big Data has been useful to identify and to track the exact location of place. 

A6. Vocabulary  2

Find four words with a similar meaning to ‘massive’. 

Ans : huge, big, enormous, vast 

Activity Sheet No 2 on Big Data Big Insights

Read the extract and do all the activities. 

(Today we see that……………..manage transactions accordingly. )

A1 Complete the web chart  2

A2. Show the benefits of Big Data to doctors and pharma companies. 2

A3. State how banks finance companies utilize Big Data.2

A4. If you find some messages like ‘I’m down with flu’ on facebook , what will you do? 2

A5. Language Study. 2

1. It will be monitored. (Begin with ‘They….’ and rewrite the sentence.)

2. New insights have enabled the banks and finance companies to come with suitable plans. ( Rewrite the sentence by using ‘not only …… but also.’)

A6. Word Register. Find four words closely related with ‘Disease’.  2

Key for Activity Sheet 2

A2. Big Data offers several benefits to doctors and pharmaceutical companies. It allows for more accurate patient diagnosis and treatment through data analysis. Pharma companies can use it for drug research and development, making the process more efficient.

A3. Banks finance companies utilize Big Data for risk assessment and credit scoring. They analyze large datasets to determine the creditworthiness of businesses and individuals, enabling more informed lending decisions.

A4. If I find messages like ‘I’m down with flu’ on Facebook, I would likely offer sympathy or advice, depending on my relationship with the person and their specific situation.

A5.

1. They will monitor it.
2. Not only have new insights enabled the banks and finance companies to come up with suitable plans, but they have also improved their decision-making processes.

Activity Sheet No. 3 on Big Data Big Insights

(From question bank)

Read the extract and complete the activities given below : 

( So a huge amount of data………………….. improve speed and reliability in delivery.)

A1. Arrange the given sentences in the order to summarize the extract according to

proper occurrences. (2)

i. Big data improved the logistics services.

ii. Every online activity is stored in big data.

iii. Big data is comprehensible due to Big Data Analytics.

iv. The industries gained advantages from the big data.

Ans : ii. Every online activity is stored in big data.

          iii. Big data is comprehensible due to Big Data Analytics.

          iv. The industries gained advantages from the big data.

          i. Big data improved the logistics services.

A2. Big Data analytics play a vital role. Justify. (2)

Ans :  Big Data Analytics gives insights that were previously beyond understanding. The industries can have numerous advantages. Many industries have surpassed their competitors by using big data analytics.

A3. Big data is a great challenge to the present computing technologies. Explain. (2)

Ans : Big data is collected from different sources . So it is enormously increasing in volume, velocity, veracity, and value. Such a huge data is a great challenge to the different computing technologies. 

A4. We tend to refer to certain features of the product or services before orders. Give

reasons for such conduct. (2)

Ans : We tend to refer to certain features of the product or services before orders. Because it gives us required information about the product. We can see whether the product meets our needs or not. It helps us to take the decision about buying the product.

A5. Do as directed. (2)

1) If you have ordered something online you can track the location of your goods in transit.

(Choose correct alternative to use ‘After+ing’)

i. After you have ordering something online, you can track the location of your goods in transit.

ii. After ordering something online, you can track the location of the goods in transit.

iii. After you have ordered something, you are tracking the location of your goods in transit.

iv. After ordering something online, you can tracking the location of your goods in transit.

Ans : ii. After ordering something online, you can track the location of the goods in transit.

2) Big data analytics is the complex process.

(Choose correct alternative to change the sentence as negative sentence)

i. Big Data analytics is not the complex process.

ii. Big Data analytics is not a compound process.

iii. Big Data analytics is not an easy process.

iv. Big Data analytics is not the simple process.

Ans : iv. Big Data analytics is not the simple process.

A6 Pick out the antonyms of the following words from the passage. (2)

a) Understandable b) hide c) available d) similar

Ans : a) Understandable – incomprehensible 

b) hide – uncover 

c) available –  closed 

d) similar – varied

Click here for online Grammar Test

Learn The Cop And The Anthem

Into The Wild

Warming up! Chit-Chat

Basketful of Moonlight

1. Did you like to hear bedtime stories when you were a child?

Ans. Yes, I liked to hear bedtime stories in my childhood.

2. Who usually told you the bedtime stories?

Ans : My grandmother/ mother used to tell me the bedtime stories.

3. Why did you like them?

Ans : I liked the stories because they entertain me. I could spend time with my grandmother. The stories made me sleep.

4. Do you still like to hear those stories, again?

Ans : I like to hear the stories again. Or I don’t like to hear those stories again.

1. Discuss in groups about the procedure of planting a tree. Write the steps in bullet points and present it before the class.

1. Digging soil 2. Putting a sapling

3. Filling soil around the sapling

4. Watering the sapling

5. Fencing the plant.

2. Discuss in pairs and write what your father and mother do for your family.

Alliteration: give me moonlight, I want to sow seeds of moon

Repetition: small,small moons of light

Apostrophe: O moon

History of Novel is included in std 12 English language syllabus purposely to attract attention of teenagers towards the literature.

There will be memory based questions on it in the examination of HSC . The weightage for this chapter is 4 marks. Two MCQ type activities will be there. Maharashtra State Board has provided question bank. You will find the solution for it here.

Graphical Short notes on 4.1 History of Novel

Click Here for 1.2 On Saying ‘Please’

The novel, a long narrative in prose, has a rich history that reflects the evolution of human storytelling and societal changes. Here’s a concise overview:

Origins:

Early Narratives: The novel’s roots can be traced back to ancient and medieval narratives, including Greek romances and Geoffrey Chaucer’s The Canterbury Tales (14th century).

‘The Tale of Genji’: Written by Murasaki Shikibu in the early 11th century, this Japanese work is often considered the world’s first novel.

17th and 18th Centuries:

Emergence as a Genre: The 18th century marked the novel’s rise as a dominant literary form, capturing the intellectual, sentimental, and realistic spirit of the time.

Notable Works: Significant novels from this period include John Bunyan’s The Pilgrim’s Progress (1678), Daniel Defoe’s Robinson Crusoe (1719), and Samuel Richardson’s Pamela (1740).

19th Century:

Victorian Era: This period saw the novel become the leading literary genre in English, with authors like Charles Dickens appealing to both simple and sophisticated tastes.

Diverse Genres: The century introduced various novel genres, including Gothic novels characterized by terror, supernatural elements, and haunted settings.

20th Century:

Modernist Innovations: Authors like Virginia Woolf pioneered the ‘stream of consciousness’ technique, delving into characters’ inner thoughts.

Science Fiction: Writers such as H.G. Wells explored futuristic settings and speculative concepts, contributing to the genre’s development.

Indian English Novels:

Early Works: Bankim Chandra Chattopadhyaya’s Rajmohan’s Wife (1864) is recognized as the first Indian English novel, focusing on nationalistic and social themes.

Prominent Authors: The mid-20th century featured a notable trio of Indian writers: Mulk Raj Anand, R.K. Narayan, and Raja Rao, who enriched Indian English literature with their narratives.

Don’t Judge a Book by its Cover : Expand the Idea

Activities  on History of Novel

Q. 5 A Complete the activities given below as per the instructions. (4 Marks)

(Answers are given in italic.)

1. Choose the correct alternative and rewrite the sentence:

i. Eighteenth century gifted mankind with….

a) Drama and poetry

b) Novel and drama

c) Poetry and novel

d) Novel and periodical essays

ii. Novel soon became dominant literary genre as it ….

a) Helped people to live a more purposeful life.

b) Caught the intellectual, sentimental and realistic spirit.

c) grew gradually and gained popularity.

d) All of these.

iii. Indian writers in English Novel initially wrote about the theme of …..

a) Domestic violence.

b) Nationalistic and Social virtues.

c) Scientific theories.

d) Psychological insights.

iv. Gothic novel contains …….

a) Terror and supernatural.

b) Mystery and thriller.

c) Horror and haunted buildings.

d) All of these.

v. Strike out the unnecessary

Detective fiction is ….

a) A sub-genre of crime fiction.

b) Agatha Christie mastered the art of crime fiction.

c) Detectives can be professional or amateur.

d) Protagonist is a necessarily an eccentric person.

2. Fill in the blanks by choosing correct alternative.

1) A novel is relatively a …………narrative.

(Short / long /descriptive)

2) English word ‘Novel’ is derived from the Italian word …….

(Novella, Novelle, Novellus)

3) Geoffrey Chaucer wrote …….

(Morte De Arthur, The Canterbury Tales, Tale of Genji)

4) The Tale of Genji by Muraski Shikabu was published in the year ……

(1010, 1605, 1050, 1600)

5) ‘The Pilgrims Progress’ is a Novel written by …..

(John Bunyan, Aphra Behn, Daniel Defoe)

6) ……is the pioneer of the ‘Stream of Consciousness’ novel.

(Agatha Christie, Jane Austen, Virginia Woolf)

7) The first Indian English novel ‘Rajmohan’s wife’ was written by …

(Mulkraj Anand, R.K.Narayan, Bankim Chandra Chattopadhyaya)

8) Joseph Conrad wrote the novella named as …….

(Billy Budd, The Heart of Darkness, Pearl)

9) Science fiction is a genre of speculative fiction dealing with………

(Futuristic settings, death and decay, earlier period than of writing)

10) The famous trio of Indian writers is …………

(Mulkraj Anand, R.K.Narayan, Raja Rao / Amitav Ghosh, Manohar Malgaonkar, Mulkraj Anand / Amitav Ghosh ,R.K.Narayan,Arvind Adiga)

3. Chronological Order

1. Write in chronological order

a) Murasaki Shikibu’s Tale of Genji 3

b) Greek Romances 1

c) The appearance of magazines and newspapers 4

d) Chaucer’s The Canterbury Tales 2

Ans: a) Greek Romances b) Chaucer’s The Canterbury Tales c) Murasaki Shikibu’s Tale of Genji d) The appearance of magazines and newspapers 

2. Write in chronological order

a) Industrial Revolution 1

b) Drama and Poetry started fading away 4

c) Novel gained popularity 3

d) The rise of middle class 2

Ans : a) Industrial Revolution b) The rise of middle class c) Novel gained popularity d) Drama and Poetry started fading away

3. Given below are some novels, events and writers of Indian English. Arrange them in chronological order.

a) Rise of famous Indian Trio 2

b) Nayantara Sahgal, Arun Joshi, Manohar Malgaonkar 3

c) Arundhati Roy, Kiran Desai, Kiran Nagarkar 4

d) Rajmohan’s Wife by Bankim Chandra Chattopadhyaya 1

Ans : a) Rajmohan’s Wife by Bankim Chandra Chattopadhyaya b) Rise of famous Indian Trio c) Nayantara Sahgal, Arun Joshi, Manohar Malgaonkar d) Arundhati Roy, Kiran Desai, Kiran Nagarkar

4. Given below are some Novels in English literature. Arrange them in their order of their appearance.

a) The Pilgrim’s Progress and Oroonaku 3

b) Ecologues and Morte De Arthur 1

c) Pamela and Gulliver’s Travels 4

d) The Tale of Genji and Don Quxiote 2

Ans : a) Ecologues and Morte De Arthur b) The Tale of Genji and Don Quxiote c) The Pilgrim’s Progress and Oroonaku d) Pamela and Gulliver’s Travels

4. State whether the following sentences are True or False

1. Novel is recognized as the most dominant literary genre in modern times. True

2. A Novel is relatively a short narrative. False

3. ‘Tale of Genji’ is described as world’s first novel. True

4. Middle class people had a little interest in romances and tragedies. True

5. Novel gave voice to the aspirations and longings of middle class. True

6. The women novelists haven’t contributed significantly in English Literature. False

7. Novella is greater in length than Novel. False

8. Setting doesn’t affect plot or characters. False

9. The struggle in opposite forces in a story is called as conflict. True

10. Epistolary Novel is a series of correspondence, other documents and diary entries as well. True

5. Match the following

6. Complete the sentence:

1. The Periodical Essay and Novel are the gifts of ………… .

(18 th century/ 17 th century /19 Th century)

2. A Novel is relatively a ………….

(a short narrative fiction/ a long narrative fiction / a fiction of moderate length)

3. The industrial revolution gave birth to ……… .

(poor class/ middle class/ rich class)

4. Appearance of newspaper in 18 th century attracted a large number of readers from

……….. (poor class/ middle class/ rich class)

5. Rise of Novel as a literary genre resulted in lowering the importance of ………………

(poetry/ drama/ Drama and Poetry)

6. Salman Rushdie, V. S. Naipaul, Kazuo Ishigura are ………..

(Indian authors/ immigrant authors/ writers of Indian origin)

Novel Genre Std 12

1. History of Novel

2. To Sir With Love

3. Around the World in 80 Days

4.

Online Test on History Of Novels

The Cop And The Anthem story from Std 12

An Encounter of a Special Kind

What was the profession of the writer’s father?

Ans : The writer’s father was a medical professional.

Describe the campus where the writer’s family lived?

Ans:  A large campus with green grass colourful flowers, and tall trees

How did the family relax after lunch? 

Ans: The family lay down for an afternoon nap and the narrator read stories.

 What wicked custom is practiced by animals who live in groups?

Ans: A powerful male usually does not allow another male baby or adult to survive within its group.  

What attempts helped the baby langur to revive?

Splashes of cold water, cleaning of wounds and offering of a peeled banana helped the baby langur to revive. 

When did baby langur finally find comfort?

The baby langur finally found comfort when his mother picked her up in her arms and held close to the bosom.

What truth about animal-human relationship did this incident reveal to the narrator?

Ans: 

What did the mother seem to convey to the narrator?

Communication and mutual trust between animals and humans is indeed a reality. Bond can be established between them by striking the right chord.

An Encounter of a Special Kind : Textual Activities

1. State whether you agree or disagree with the following statements. Justify your choice with proper reasons. 

(a) The compound where the writer was living, rich in nature’s bounty.  

Ans: I agree with this statement.

(b) Holidays provide us an opportunity to read various magazines and storybooks . 

Ans: I agree with this statement.

(c) The narrator made a mistake by saving the baby langur. 

Ans : I do not agree with this statement. Saving the baby langur he realised the feelings of animals.

(d) Animals cannot convey emotions. 

I do not agree with this statement.The Mother langur conveyed her gratitude by looking into the narrator’s eyes. 

(e) The narrator was fifty-five years old when this incident occurred. 

I do not agree with this statement. The narrator was fifteen years old at that time. He remembered this incident even after fifty five years. 

 2. Match the phrases given in Group ‘A’ with their meanings in Group ‘B’

Group A Phrases	Group B Meanings
(a) to be a part and parcel of	(1) to observe and give attention
(b) to be engrossed in	(ii) to be able to solve a problem
(c) to take notice of	(iii) to find comfort and peace
(d) to figure out	(iv) to think about seriously
(e) to ponder over	(v) to be completely occupied in
(f) to be overwhelmed by	(vi) to be an essential or integral part
(g) in a flash	(vii) to be affected emotionally in a powerful way
(h) to find a solace	(viii) very quickly

3. Write in your own words.

(a) Why did the narrator ignore the barking of dogs? 

(1) He was engrossed in reading

(2) He thought some dogs might have attacked a pig.

 (b) Why did mother-langur make no effort to grab her baby from the coop? 

Ans :  She was convinced that there was no harm  to her baby.

(a) What would you do, if you found an injured bird while returning from your school?

Ans: I would stop there I lift the injured bird. and Then I would offer water to drink. I would see the injury and take the bird home. I would caress the bird to soothe and apply turmeric powder on injury. However I would release the bird to fly.

Q. 2.(A) Read the following passage and do the activities: (10 marks)

A1. Write whether the following statements are ‘True’ or ‘False’ : (2) 

(1) After a hearty lunch, the narrator settled down with a storybook. True

(ii) The quiet afternoon presented the perfect backdrop for reading a mysterious story. False

(ii) The narrator ignored the commotion at first. True

(i) The narrator rushed to the veranda to see where his family was. False

After a hearty lunch, my parents and my younger sisters lay down for an afternoon nap and I settled down with a storybook. The quiet afternoon presented the perfect backdrop for reading an adventure story. The silence was occasionally broken by the sound of my family snoring, the intermittent chirping of house sparrows, the harsh cawing of a crow the shrill call of a kite flying high above the ground. Minutes ticked by. I became deeply absorbed in the book.

Suddenly, I heard a group of street dogs barking furiously in the distance. I chose to ignore the commotion thinking that the pack of dogs might have cornered a hapless pig. But soon, the barking became louder and more aggressive and the alarmed cawing of a flock of crows added to the cacophony. I also heard the disturbance approaching closer. Curiosity got the better of me. Leaving the book aside, I rushed to the veranda to see what was going on.

A2. Complete the following web :

A3. Match the describing words from the passage with the given noun below :(2)

A4.Do as directed

(1) I became deeply absorbed in the book.

(Rewrite it in Simple Present Tense).

I become deeply absorbed in the book.

(ii) I chose to ignore the commotion.

(Underline the infinitive)

I chose to ignore the commotion.