A figure of speech is a literary device that uses language in a creative and non-literal way to convey meaning, evoke emotion, or add emphasis. Here are some common figures of speech:
Metaphor: A figure of speech that describes a subject by asserting that it is, on some point of comparison, the same as another otherwise unrelated object. For example, “Life is a journey.”
Simile: A figure of speech that uses the words “like” or “as” to describe something by comparing it to something else. For example, “She sings like an angel.”
Hyperbole: An exaggeration used for emphasis or effect. For example, “I’ve told you a million times.”
Personification: A figure of speech in which non-human objects or abstract concepts are given human qualities or abilities. For example, “The wind howled in anger.”
Idiom: An expression whose meaning cannot be inferred from the literal definition of the words that make it up. For example, “It’s raining cats and dogs.”
Alliteration: The repetition of the same sound at the beginning of two or more words in a phrase or sentence. For example, “Sally sells Seashells by the Seashore.”
Onomatopoeia: A word that imitates the sound it represents. For example, “Buzz,” “Hiss,” and “Bang.”
These are just a few examples of the many figures of speech used in language and literature to add depth and interest to communication.
Irony: A figure of speech in which the intended meaning is opposite to the literal or usual meaning of the words used. For example, “Oh great, just what I needed, another broken down car.”
Synecdoche: A figure of speech in which a part of something is used to refer to the whole, or vice versa. For example, “All hands on deck.”
Antithesis: A figure of speech in which contrasting ideas are juxtaposed in a balanced or parallel way. For example, “Ask not what your country can do for you, ask what you can do for your country.”
Chiasmus: A figure of speech in which the order of two parallel clauses is inverted. For example, “Not all who wander are lost.”
Litotes: A figure of speech in which an affirmation is expressed by negating its opposite. For example, “It’s not the worst movie I’ve ever seen.”
Rhetorical question: A question asked for effect, not for an answer. For example, “Why bother?”
Assonance: The repetition of vowel sounds within a phrase or sentence. For example, “I saw a sea serpent slide into the sea.”
Consonance: The repetition of consonant sounds within a phrase or sentence. For example, “Big bugs bite better than bony birds.”
These figures of speech can add depth, nuance, and interest to language, making communication more effective and memorable.
A story developing with a given ending can be a fun and challenging task. Here are some tips you can follow to create a story around your ending:
Identify the central conflict or problem in the ending:
Understanding what problem or conflict is resolved in the ending can help you figure out the story’s direction and purpose. This will help you a lot in a story developing skills.
Create the characters:
Think about the characters that would be involved in the conflict or problem. Who are they? What motivates them? What do they want to achieve?
Develop the setting:
The setting should be chosen carefully to support the story and the conflict. What time period is it? Where does the story take place?
Plan the plot:
Once you have the characters and setting in place, think about the events that will lead to the ending. How does the conflict arise? What obstacles must the characters overcome to reach the ending?
Write the story:
Start writing the story, following the steps you’ve outlined. Don’t be afraid to revise your work as you go.
Revisit the ending:
Make sure the ending feels organic and makes sense with the story you’ve written. If needed, revise the ending to fit the story.
Remember, the key to a successfull story developing is to focus on the characters and their journey, rather than just the ending. The ending should be the result of the characters’ actions and decisions throughout the story.
Friend 1: Hey guys, have you been following the recent debates on social media being a curse or a boon?
Friend 2: Yeah, I’ve been following it. I personally believe it’s a curse.
Friend 3: Really? I think it’s a boon. Social media has brought so much convenience and connectivity to our lives.
Friend 4: I think it’s both. It has its pros and cons. On one hand, it has made communication so much easier and accessible, but on the other hand, it has also led to a decrease in face-to-face communication and an increase in online harassment.
Friend 1: Yeah, that’s a good point. I agree with you, it’s both a curse and a boon.
Friend 2: But I think the negative impacts outweigh the positive ones. The spread of misinformation and fake news, the impact on mental health, and the loss of privacy are just a few examples.
Friend 3: I understand where you’re coming from, but I think it’s up to the individual to use social media responsibly. It’s not the technology that’s the problem, it’s the way people use it.
Friend 4: That’s true. We can’t ignore the positive impact it has had on activism and giving a voice to marginalized communities. It has also provided a platform for people to connect and collaborate on projects and initiatives they care about.
Friend 1: I think it all comes down to balance. We need to find a way to use social media in a way that maximizes its benefits and minimizes its drawbacks.
Friend 2: Agreed. We also need to be more critical consumers of information and think about the sources and reliability of the information we see on social media.
Friend 3: Definitely. And we need to be mindful of how much time we spend on it and how it affects our mental and emotional well-being.
Friend 4: Exactly. We need to find a balance and use social media in a way that enhances our lives, not detracts from it.
“A pronoun is a word that we use instead of a noun”
Basically there are 8 kinds of pronouns in English Language and Grammar. Many people commit grammatical mistakes because they lack thorough knowledge regarding the uses of pronouns. It is, therefore, essential to have a detailed discussion on all 8 Kinds of pronouns to avoid errors in their usage.
KINDS OF PRONOUNS
Personal Pronouns.
A pronoun which is used instead of the name of a person is known as a ‘Personal Pronoun. A list of the ‘Personal Pronouns’ is given below: I, my, mine, me; we, our, ours, us.
(First Person) (Second Person)
You, your, yours.
He, his, him, she, her, hers, it, its,
(Third Person)
they, their, theirs, them.
Reflexive Pronoun
When self is added to my, your, him, her, it and selves to our, your, them, we get Compound Personal Pronouns.
Reflexive Pronoun: When the action done by the subject turns back upon the subject , they are called reflexive Pronoun. For example:
You injure yourself. 2. She injured herself. 3. They hurt themselves.
Emphatic Pronouns.
When Compound Personal Pronouns are used to give emphasis they are called Emphatic Pronouns. Following examples will make this point clear.
1. I will do it myself. 2. You yourself can best explain. 3. They themselves admitted their guilt.
Demonstrative Pronoun
(a) Demonstrative Pronouns. Pronouns used to point out the objects to which they refer are called Demonstrative
Pronouns. Examples:
1. This is a present from my uncle. 2. These are merely excuses. 3. Bombay mangoes are better than those of Bangalore.
Indefinite Pronouns.
All pronouns which refer to persons or things in a general way and do not refer to any particular person or thing are called Indefinite Pronouns.
Examples:
1. Somebody has stolen my watch.
2. Few escaped unhurt.
3. Did you ask anybody to come?
Distributive Pronouns.
Each, either, neither are called distributive pronouns because they refer to persons or things one at a time. For this reason they are always singular and followed by the verb in singular.
Examples: 1. Each of the men received a reward.
2. These men received each a reward.
3. Either of you can go.
4. Neither of the accusations is true.
Relative Pronouns.
A relative pronoun refers or relates to some noun going before, which is called its Antecedent.
Examples:
1. I met Hari who used to live here.
2. I have found the pen which I had lost.
3. Here is the book that you lent me.
Interrogative Pronouns.
These pronouns, are used for asking questions. Examples:
1. Whose book is this?
2. What will all the neighbours say? 3. Which do you prefer, tea or coffee?
Note: Interrogative pronouns can also be used in asking indirect questions. Consider the following examples:
1. I asked who was speaking.
2. Tell me what you have done.
3. Say which you would like best.
USAGE OF THE PRONOUNS : AGREEMENT WITH VERB
Please study the following observations carefully : 1. If three pronouns (of different persons) are used together in the same sentence they are arranged in the following order:
Second person
Third person
First person
Examples:
(a) You, he and I must help that poor woman.
(b) You, he and I are students.
2. When three pronouns (of different persons) are used together in the same sentence and the sentence confesses a guilt or flaw then they should be arranged in the following order:
First person pronoun, Second person, Third person
Examples:
(a) We, you and they were absent.
1. I, you and he are to blame.
3. When two or more singular nouns are joined by and, the pronoun used for them should be plural.
Examples:
(a) Mohan and Sohan are friends. They play football.They live at Lajpat Nagar.
(b) Mala and Sangita are class-fellows. They are good friends.
4. But if these nouns joined by ‘and’ refer to the same person or thing, the pronoun used should be singular. Examples:
(a) Mr. Keshvani, my friend and principal of the college, is known for his good behaviour.
(b) Delhi, the beautiful city and the Capital of India, is famous for its historical monuments.
5. When two singular nouns joined by and refer to the same person, or thing, the pronoun used should be singular.
Example: The manager and owner of the firm expressed his views on the demands of the workers. (One person-Two portfolios)
6. When two singular nouns joined by and refer to two different persons the pronoun used for them should also be plural. Example:
The party chief and the Prime Minister expressed their views on the topic.
Two persons-The party chief and the Prime Minister. Note: An easy way to understand points 5 and 6. If both nouns are preceded by ‘the’, the pronoun used should be plural and if only the first noun is preceded by ‘the’, the pronoun used will be singular.
7. When two nouns are used with as well as, the pronoun
agrees with the first subject.
Examples:
(a) Mohan as well as his friends is doing his work. (b) The students as well as their teachers are doing their work.
8. When two singular nouns joined by ‘and’ are preceded by each or every, the pronoun used must be singular and should agree in gender with the second noun. Examples:
(a) Every man and every woman will do her best for the nation.
(b) Each boy and each girl went to her house. 9. When two nouns are joined by using ‘with’, the pronou agrees with the noun coming before ‘with’. Examples:
(a) The boy with his parents has gone to see a movie.
(b) The children with their parents have gone to picnic.
10. When two different nouns are joined by either… or; neither… nor, the pronoun is used according to the numb and gender of the second noun.
Examples:
(a) Either your sister or you have done your work. (b) Neither the students nor the teacher was in his class.
11. The pronoun coming after ‘than’ must be in the same case as that coming before ‘than’. Examples:
(a) She plays better than I.
(b)His elder brother is more intelligent than he.
12. Many a’ always takes a singular pronoun and singular verb.
Example:
Many a soldier has met his death in the battlefield.
